The 11 Types Of Anger

Updated December 12, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team
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Feeling angry can be a universal experience. Anger may be described as an instinctive response to a perceived injustice, frustration, or threat. You may have been taught that anger is a negative or unhealthy emotion, but anger can be seen as inherently neutral unless a person responds to it in a destructive way. When you understand how to use your anger in a constructive manner, you may be able to harness it and use it for positive change. A licensed therapist can teach you how to effectively cope with and respond to anger.

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Does your anger seem out of control?

Anger management may be more effective when you know the types of anger

Not all types of anger are the same. By understanding which type of anger you are experiencing, you can gain a better idea of why it has arisen and implement strategies to manage it healthily. 

Each type of anger may have a different cause. Some forms of anger can be healthy and constructive, but many of them result in unhealthy behavior.

Assertive anger

Assertive anger is generally a constructive form of anger. When you experience this type of anger, you are often able to voice your concerns without being aggressive or confrontational. 

Righteous anger

This can be viewed as a subtype of constructive anger. Righteous anger is frequently a response to injustice. It may motivate you to take action and right the wrongs you are seeing. An example of righteous anger could be anger at someone who has mistreated another person.

How to manage these types of anger

Expressing assertive or righteous anger in a calm and respectful way can help you resolve conflict, address injustice, and work toward your goals.

Passive-aggressive anger

You may not initially realize that passive-aggressive anger is a form of anger. It often manifests in small actions, such as sarcastic comments or unconscious acts of frustration. The way you express this anger can be subtle, but over time, passive-aggressive anger can damage both personal and professional relationships. 

How to manage passive-aggressive anger

Assertive communication can be critical in helping you manage this type of anger. When you feel frustrated or angry, initiate a conversation with the others involved and share your emotions using “I” statements. Try to focus on working toward solutions instead of placing blame. 

Fear-based anger

At times, it may seem easier to be angry than scared. You may also feel angry that you are experiencing fear. Fear-based anger can lead to anxiety and a sense of loss of control, potentially causing you to respond with defensive or aggressive behaviors. You may have witnessed fear-based anger when a child almost runs out into the street in front of a car, and their parent grabs them and yells, “What were you thinking?!”

How to manage fear-based anger

Developing emotional resilience may help you address the fear underlying this type of anger so that you ultimately feel less angry. It can also be helpful to work with a mental health professional who can support you in overcoming both fear and anger. 

Pain-based anger

Pain-based anger may be used to hide hurt and sadness. It can also stem from traumatic experiences you’ve had in the past. The way you express this form of anger may be subtle. For example, you may self-sabotage your relationships because you are resentful toward others. When it is addressed in an appropriate way, pain-based anger can lead to personal improvement.

How to manage pain-based anger

If pain-based anger comes from past trauma, you may benefit from working with a therapist to address and process your underlying emotions and develop a plan to move forward. Determining the root of pain-based anger can be vital for managing it effectively.

Chronic anger

For some people, the rush associated with anger can lead to a form of addiction. They may enjoy the power that comes with demonstrating their anger. Chronic anger can also involve an ongoing sense of resentment or frustration. Over time, chronic anger can have a negative impact on your well-being and relationships.

How to manage chronic anger

Chronic anger may stem from long-standing perceived injustices and underlying mental health challenges. It can help to implement stress management techniques and healthy coping strategies so that you can work toward solutions and view your life in a more positive light. Learning anger management techniques can help you diffuse your anger so that you don’t constantly feel mad at the world. 

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Behavioral anger

A physical expression of anger, behavioral anger rarely has a positive outcome. It is typically aggressive and can even be violent. Behavioral anger can look like punching a wall, throwing things, physically intimidating someone, or even attacking another person. While this kind of anger may provide momentary relief, it often has long-term ramifications and results in a cycle of negative behaviors. 

Anger management for behavioral anger

Deep breathing exercises may calm your mind and curb your instincts to physically react when you’re feeling angry. Low-arousal physical activity, such as yoga, can significantly reduce feelings of anger

Retaliatory anger

As the name suggests, retaliatory anger is usually a response to some sort of confrontation, whether it is verbal or physical. You can also think of it as vengeful anger. Retaliatory anger generally occurs when you experience the urge to “get even” or “make them pay.”

How to manage retaliatory anger

Retaliatory anger tends to be an instinctual response, but with time and practice, you can change the way you respond in these situations. Before retaliating, consider what the outcome may be. By using assertive communication, you may be able to de-escalate the conflict and work toward a resolution. 

Overwhelmed anger

You may experience overwhelmed anger when life is especially stressful. This type of anger can be a response to a perceived inability to handle life’s challenges. Overwhelmed anger might lead to a sense of helplessness, frustration, anxiety, and tension. Your heightened emotional state can contribute to physical and emotional distress. 

How to manage feelings of overwhelmed anger

Self-care can be a critical component of managing overwhelmed anger. Practice setting healthy boundaries and saying no to obligations you cannot currently handle. Prioritize your mental health by attending therapy and engaging in hobbies that bring you joy. Time management strategies can also help you manage your schedule to prevent a sense of overwhelm. 

Verbal anger

The anger you express with your words can be just as damaging as the anger you express with your body. An episode of verbal anger can erode trust and ruin relationships. Frequent episodes of verbal anger may constitute a form of emotional abuse. Verbal anger can involve shouting, ridicule, criticism, and accusations. 

How to manage verbal anger

If you are tempted to instantly respond to others with angry comments, you might force yourself to pause. Ask yourself if what you want to say will be helpful or harmful. If it is the latter, think of a way to reframe your comment. Instead of screaming at your roommate, “You are so lazy!” you might say, “It seems like I do the majority of the dishes even though we agreed to split that chore.” Use your words to work toward a solution.

Self-abusive anger

Self-abusive anger is often rooted in shame. It can look like negative self-talk, substance misuse (formerly called substance abuse), self-harm, or disordered eating. Self-abusive anger may also involve deliberate choices to destroy other aspects of your life, such as acting in a hateful manner toward loved ones in order to ruin your relationships and alienate yourself. 

Mental health support may be needed for self-abusive anger

Cognitive restructuring techniques may help you reframe the way you think. In cognitive behavioral therapy, you can learn how to transform negative, unhealthy thoughts into positive and productive thoughts. 

Volatile anger

Explosive and unpredictable, volatile anger can lead individuals to “snap.” It can occur at a moment's notice and be hard to control. 

How to manage volatile anger

If your anger is volatile and unmanageable, you might try to avoid situations where you are prone to feeling angry. When you sense your anger rising, consider stepping away or start breathing deeply to calm yourself. Do what you can to de-escalate yourself in the heat of the moment instead of saying or doing something you might regret. 

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Does your anger seem out of control?

Professional mental health support may help you manage these feelings

There are several strategies that can help you more effectively manage your anger, but if you sense you are unable to effectively respond to your emotions, therapy may help. A therapist can guide you as you address the root of your anger and learn strategies to calm your mind and avoid unhealthy behaviors.

For some people, however, finding the time for therapy may seem impossible. Using an online platform like BetterHelp, you can be matched with a suitable therapist and attend sessions online. You can choose between video, audio, and online chat for each session, which may make it easier to talk about challenging and potentially vulnerable subjects like anger.

In a 2023 study, researchers looked at the effectiveness of online therapy in treating maladaptive anger. After three treatments, participants typically experienced decreased anger expression, anger rumination, and aggression. Those who had higher levels of anger at the beginning of the study generally saw the most significant improvements in their anger. 

Takeaway

Anger can be a common and natural reaction to conflict and injustice. While assertive anger may help you address disagreements and find resolution, many other types of anger can have professional and interpersonal consequences. By knowing which type of anger you’re experiencing, you may be better prepared to manage your reaction and avoid escalation. You might also benefit from working with a therapist online or in your local area to identify the source of your anger and learn strategies to handle it in a healthy manner.
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