How To Cope After A Depression Diagnosis
If you’ve been diagnosed with depression by a qualified healthcare provider, you may be unsure of what to do next. You may also be experiencing difficult or confusing emotions about your diagnosis. Let’s take a look at what it means to be diagnosed with depression and healthy ways to move forward.
What is depression?
As your healthcare provider likely covered with you, depression — or major depressive disorder (MDD) — is a mental illness that’s classified as a mood disorder. It’s one of the most common mental health disorders, estimated to affect around 8.4% of adults. However, it can still be serious, especially if left untreated. In order to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder, an individual must typically experience at least several of the following symptoms persistently for two weeks or more:
Sadness and hopelessness
Difficulty concentrating and making decisions
Significant changes in sleeping habits
Significant changes in eating habits
Social withdrawal
Low energy
A loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
A sense of guilt or worthlessness
Unexplained aches and pains
Thoughts or behaviors of self-harm or suicide
If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors, seek help immediately. The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline can be reached 24/7 by dialing 988.
Major depression can significantly impact an individual’s daily functioning as well as their relationships, work or school life, and overall well-being. However, this mental health condition is treatable, typically with psychotherapy and sometimes with medication as well.
Tips for handling a depression diagnosis
If you’ve been diagnosed with depression and aren’t sure where to go from here, these tips might help.
Understand your treatment plan
One of the most important priorities after you’ve received a depression diagnosis is usually to ensure that you have a treatment plan in place and that you understand its components. The healthcare provider who diagnosed you likely discussed what they recommend for your particular symptoms and situation and the side effects that you may experience as a result. If you’ve been prescribed medication, it’s important that you take it as directed and don’t start, stop, or change your regimen without consulting with your provider first. They’ve also likely suggested you attend some form of psychotherapy. If they do not provide this service, getting in touch with someone who does will likely be an important next step. We’ll talk more about this below.
Acknowledge your feelings without judgment
It’s not uncommon to experience a mix of emotions after being diagnosed with depression. You might be relieved to have a clear cause for the symptoms you’ve been experiencing and find comfort in the fact that you’ll be able to get the treatment you may need. Or you might be confused if you hadn’t recognized the symptoms yourself before you were diagnosed. Some people might even be angry that they have a mental health condition or that they weren’t aware of it before.
It’s also not uncommon to be sad or embarrassed, even though there’s nothing to be ashamed of when it comes to receiving a mental health diagnosis. Although there’s still pervasive shame and stigma around mental health, the fact that you’re seeking help and resources to improve your well-being should be praised and admired, not judged. Note that one study reports that “a judgmental attitude toward one's thoughts and feelings is the strongest predictor of both depression and anxiety.”
Allowing yourself to feel however you feel about your diagnosis and handling your emotions with compassion, gentleness, and care is usually the healthiest approach.
Establish a support network
Who you do or don’t choose to discuss your diagnosis with is up to you. That said, having a strong social support network in place can be helpful as you navigate your symptoms and treatment. Many people with depression tend to self-isolate because they have low energy for socializing, they don’t want to burden anyone with their symptoms, or they fear judgment. However, research suggests that social interaction and support may actually help prevent depression and mitigate symptoms in those who are experiencing them.
A 2020 study reports that those experiencing self-isolation had “significantly higher rates of depression and loneliness” compared to those who were not. It also discusses that “the risk for elevated levels of depression symptoms” was 63% lower in those who reported higher levels of social support than those with low perceived social support. Even having a small circle of family members and/or friends you can lean on may make a significant difference in the course of the condition.
Care for your body
Many studies have been done on the connection between mental and physical health, including how caring for your body can impact symptoms of a mental illness like depression. Major depressive disorder can affect physical health, so it may be beneficial to focus on the following areas if you’ve been diagnosed with depression.
Engage in regular physical exercise. One study reports that even engaging in low-intensity exercise regularly can have a “beneficial effect” on symptoms of depression.
Maintain a healthy diet. A 2017 study that enrolled people with moderate to severe depression in nutrition counseling found that their resulting diets improved depression symptoms in the participants, 32% of whom achieved total remission this way.
Cultivate a mindfulness practice. Mindfulness is a state of nonjudgmental awareness of one’s current state and surroundings. Various studies have linked this practice with positive mental health outcomes. One in particular reports that mindfulness is “related to lower levels of depression and anxiety both directly and indirectly.
How therapy can help
Psychotherapy is usually one of the recommended components of treatment for people with depression. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), in particular, is a common modality because research has shown that it can be an effective treatment for this type of mental health condition. A cognitive behavioral therapist will focus on helping an individual learn to recognize and shift flawed or unhelpful thought patterns in order to produce fewer distressing feelings and behaviors. If you’ve recently received a diagnosis of depression, a therapist can also help you cope with the emotions you may be experiencing about it.
Some people with depression experience low energy and motivation, which can make traveling to and from in-person therapy appointments difficult. In cases like these, virtual therapy is another care option to consider. With an online therapy platform like BetterHelp, you can get matched with a licensed therapist who you can speak with via phone, video call, or in-app messaging from the comfort of home or anywhere you have an internet connection. Research suggests that online therapy may actually be a more effective treatment for depression than in-person sessions, so it may be an option worth considering for those who are interested.
Takeaway
Frequently asked questions
Read more below for answers to questions commonly asked about this topic.
Is it worth getting diagnosed with depression?
Getting a formal diagnosis of depression can be a crucial step in managing the condition and seeking appropriate treatment. Here are some reasons why it is often worth getting diagnosed:
Treatment: A formal diagnosis can open doors to various treatment options, including therapy, medication, and support groups. Effective treatment can significantly improve your quality of life and may reduce your depressed mood.
Insurance and workplace support: A diagnosis may be necessary to avail of mental health services through insurance or workplace benefits. It can defend your rights and ensure that you receive necessary accommodations or time off if required.
Preventing complications: Untreated depression can lead to severe consequences, such as increased risk of other health problems. A diagnosis can prompt early intervention and prevent these complications.
Personal insight: A diagnosis can offer valuable insights into the specific type and severity of your depression. This information can guide your treatment plan and help you better understand your condition.
Support and resources: A diagnosis may often connect you with support networks and resources, including therapists, support groups, and educational materials tailored to your specific needs.
What is required for a diagnosis of depression?
A diagnosis of major depression or clinical depression typically involves a comprehensive assessment by qualified mental health professionals, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or licensed clinical social worker. The specific criteria and guidelines for having depression diagnosed can vary depending on the diagnostic system used (e.g., the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM-5), but in general, several key factors are considered:
Symptoms: To be diagnosed with a severe form of major or persistent depressive disorder, an individual typically needs to experience a certain number of specific symptoms for a specified duration. Five depression symptoms include persistent sadness, irritability, guilt, hopelessness, and a loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyed. Other symptoms may include changes in appetite, weight gain or loss, sleep disturbances, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, a sense of worthlessness or guilt, and thoughts of death or suicide.
Duration: Symptoms should be present for a specific duration, usually at least two weeks, to qualify as a depressive episode.
Severity: The symptoms should significantly impair the individual's ability to function in their daily life, such as at work, school, or in their relationships.
Exclusion of other conditions: A diagnosis of depression requires ruling out other medical or psychiatric conditions that may be causing similar symptoms. This process is known as a differential diagnosis.
Medical history and evaluation: A mental health professional will typically conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include discussing the individual's personal and family medical history, as well as any recent life events that might contribute to the onset of depression.
Psychological assessment: In some cases, psychological assessment tools and questionnaires may be used to aid in the diagnosis and assess the severity of depressive symptoms.
Physical examination: A physical examination may be performed to rule out any medical conditions that could be causing the symptoms.
What happens after getting diagnosed with depression?
Once you've been diagnosed with depression, there are several steps that typically follow to address and manage the condition. Here's what usually happens after a diagnosis of depression:
Treatment planning: Your mental health professional will work with you to get your depression treated and to create a personalized treatment plan to manage severe symptoms. This plan may include a combination of therapies and interventions tailored to your specific needs and the severity of your depression.
Therapy: Psychotherapy (talk therapy) may be used to treat depression. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy (IPT), and psychodynamic therapy are some common approaches. These therapies help you understand and manage your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors associated with depression. Other therapies that may be used include electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and brain stimulation therapy. Brain stimulation therapies may be effective when more traditional treatments and therapies fail.
Medication: In some cases, your mental health provider may recommend medication, such as antidepressants, to help alleviate the symptoms of depression. Medication may be used in combination with therapy or as a standalone treatment, depending on the severity of the depression.
Regular follow-up: You will have regular follow-up appointments with your mental health provider to assess your progress, discuss any side effects of medication, and make adjustments to your treatment plan as needed.
Support groups: Joining support groups can provide additional help and a sense of community. These groups offer the opportunity to discuss experiences and coping strategies with others who are also dealing with depression.
Lifestyle changes: Your mental health professional may recommend lifestyle changes, such as improving your sleep, diet, and exercise habits, as these can have a significant impact on your mood and overall well-being.
Education and self-help: Learning more about depression and how it affects you can be empowering. Many resources, including books, websites, and self-help materials, can provide valuable insights and strategies for managing depression.
Social support: Building and maintaining a strong support network of friends and family can be crucial in managing depression. Discussing your experiences and seeking support from loved ones can help reduce isolation.
Crisis planning: It's important to have a crisis plan in place, especially if you have had thoughts of self-harm or suicide. Make sure you have crisis hotlines and contacts for immediate help in case of an emergency.
Monitoring progress: Over time, you and your mental health provider will assess your progress and make necessary adjustments to your treatment plan. This may involve reducing or discontinuing medication if your symptoms improve.
How does a doctor decide if you have depression?
Diagnosing depression is typically a clinical process conducted by a qualified healthcare professional, such as a doctor, psychiatrist, or psychologist. They use a combination of clinical assessment, patient history, and established diagnostic criteria to determine if you have depression. Here are the steps involved in making a diagnosis:
Clinical interview: The healthcare provider will conduct a thorough clinical interview to understand your symptoms and experiences. They will ask you about your feelings, thoughts, behaviors, and any physical symptoms you may be experiencing. They may ask about co-occurring symptoms, including psychosis symptoms as they can accompany depression in some individuals.
Patient history: The healthcare provider will inquire about your medical history, including any previous episodes of depression, family history of mental health conditions, and any medical conditions or medications that might be contributing to your symptoms.
Diagnostic criteria: The healthcare provider will assess your symptoms against established diagnostic criteria, such as those outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10/ICD-11). These criteria include the presence of specific symptoms, their duration, and their impact on your daily functioning.
Severity assessment: The healthcare provider will determine the severity of your depression, which can range from mild to severe. This assessment helps guide the treatment plan.
Differential diagnosis: To rule out other potential causes of your symptoms, the healthcare provider will perform a differential diagnosis. This involves considering other medical or psychiatric conditions that may mimic depression, such as bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, or medical illnesses.
Psychological assessment: In some cases, the healthcare provider may use psychological assessment tools or questionnaires to gain a more comprehensive understanding of your symptoms and their impact.
Physical examination: A physical examination may be conducted to identify any physical conditions that could contribute to or exacerbate your symptoms of depression. This can include checking for thyroid problems, hormonal imbalances, or other medical issues.
Is depression considered a disability?
Depression can be considered a disability under certain circumstances, particularly when it significantly impairs a person's ability to perform essential functions in their daily life, including work or other major life activities. Whether depression is officially classified as a disability may depend on various factors, including the severity of the condition, its impact on the individual's functioning, and applicable laws and controls in a specific region.
What are the four main causes of depression?
Depression is a complex and multifaceted condition with no single, clear-cut cause. It typically results from a combination of various biological, psychological, and environmental factors. While it's difficult to pinpoint a definitive set of causes for depression, the following are some of the main factors that can contribute to the development of depression:
Biological factors:
Brain chemistry: Imbalances in certain neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, can play a role in depression.
Genetics: Family history can be a risk factor, as there is evidence that depression can run in families. Certain genetic factors may increase susceptibility to depression.
Psychological factors:
Personality traits: Certain personality traits — such as pessimism, low self-esteem, and a tendency to ruminate on negative thoughts — can make individuals more vulnerable to depression.
Past trauma: Experiences of physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, as well as other traumatic events, can contribute to the development of depression.
Environmental factors:
Stress: High levels of chronic stress, such as work-related stress, financial difficulties, or major life changes, can trigger or exacerbate depression.
Social isolation: A lack of social support or a sense of loneliness can increase the risk of depression.
Substance use: The use of drugs or alcohol can contribute to the onset or worsening of depressive symptoms.
Chronic illness: Certain medical conditions, such as chronic pain or chronic illness, can increase the risk of depression.
Time of year: Seasonal affective disorder is a depressive disorder that occurs at a specific time of year — typically during the fall and winter months when days are shorter.
Hormonal factors:
Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those experienced during pregnancy, postpartum, menopause, or as a result of thyroid disorders, can impact mood and contribute to depression. Postpartum depression is a diagnosis that occurs in the weeks leading up to and following childbirth.
It may be important to recognize that not everyone with these risk factors will develop depression, and not all cases of depression are attributable to these factors. Depression is a highly individualized condition, and its causes can vary from person to person.
Do you ever go back to normal after depression?
Recovery from depression is possible, and many people do return to a state of well-being and improved mental health after experiencing depression. While the journey to recovery can vary from person to person, and it may not always mean returning to exactly the same state as before depression, it can involve significant improvement in one's quality of life.
Will I return to normal after depression?
Recovery from depression is possible, but it's essential to understand that "returning to normal" may not necessarily mean going back to the exact state you were in before experiencing depression. Instead, recovery often involves achieving a state of well-being and improved mental health.
What is the last step of depression?
The concept of a "last step" in the context of depression can vary depending on the individual's experience, the severity of the depression, and the effectiveness of treatment. Recovery from depression is a complex and individualized process, and there may not be a specific "last step" that applies universally. However, recovery often involves the following stages:
Recognition and acceptance: Acknowledging that you are experiencing depression and seeking help is often the first step in the process. This can be a crucial stage in understanding your condition.
Diagnosis and assessment: Meeting with a mental health professional for a formal diagnosis and assessment is a critical step in understanding the nature and severity of your depression. This assessment helps guide the treatment plan.
Treatment: Engaging in treatment is typically a significant part of the recovery process. Treatment options can include therapy (such as cognitive behavioral therapy), medication, lifestyle changes, and support from loved ones. For treatment-resistant depression, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be recommended.
Management and coping: Learning how to manage your symptoms, develop coping strategies, and make lifestyle changes to improve your overall mental health is a continuous process.
Relapse prevention: If you've experienced depression in the past, preventing future episodes is often a long-term goal. This stage may involve ongoing therapy, medication, and self-care practices.
Well-being and resilience: Achieving a sense of well-being and resilience is often considered a significant milestone in recovery. It may involve learning to effectively manage depressive symptoms, lead a fulfilling life, and develop the ability to bounce back from setbacks.
What will a doctor do before making a diagnosis of depression?
Before making a diagnosis of depression, a doctor, psychiatrist, or mental health professional will typically follow a thorough process that includes the following steps:
Clinical interview: The healthcare provider will conduct a comprehensive clinical interview, which is a structured conversation to assess your mental and emotional state. They will ask you about your symptoms, their duration, and their impact on your daily life. This interview allows the provider to gain insights into your experiences and assess your mental and emotional well-being.
Patient history: The provider will inquire about your medical and mental health history. They may ask about any past episodes of depression, family history of mental health conditions, and any relevant medical conditions or medications you are currently taking.
Diagnostic criteria: The healthcare provider will assess your symptoms against established diagnostic criteria, such as those outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) or other relevant diagnostic guidelines. These criteria include specific symptoms, their duration, and their impact on your daily functioning.
Severity assessment: The provider will determine the severity of your symptoms. Depression can range from mild to severe, and this assessment helps guide the treatment plan.
Differential diagnosis: To rule out other potential causes of your symptoms, the healthcare provider will perform a differential diagnosis. This involves considering other medical or psychiatric conditions that may mimic depression, such as bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, or medical illnesses.
Psychological assessment: In some cases, the healthcare provider may use psychological assessment tools or questionnaires to gain a more comprehensive understanding of your symptoms and their impact on your life.
Physical examination: A physical examination may be conducted to identify any physical conditions that could contribute to or exacerbate your symptoms. This can include checking for thyroid problems, hormonal imbalances, or other medical issues.
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