What Is The Root Cause Of Depression And How Does It Affect Mental Health?
Depression is a mental health condition that some individuals find difficult to recognize. You may feel depressed without completely understanding the reason why. This confusion could stem from the variance in causes for depression. What causes depression? In some cases, the causes could be combined or built upon each other. Depression can arise from a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. In some cases, the causes could be combined or built upon each other, making it difficult to pinpoint a single trigger. For example, genetic predisposition, chemical imbalances in the brain, and hormonal changes can contribute to depression, while stressful life events, trauma, or chronic illness may exacerbate symptoms. Since there are many potential causes, treatment approaches may vary, and finding the right support and coping strategies is key to managing depression effectively. We will explore some of the potential causes of depression, addressing what can be done to treat the symptoms of major depressive disorder.
1. Poor nutrition is one cause of depression symptoms
Studies are still being done to determine how poor nutrition contributes to depression. Some researchers, like Dr. Julia Rucklidge, have found close ties between the quality of food you consume and mental well-being.
Other recent studies have also found a link between certain foods and depression. This research demonstrates that changing your diet to include healthy, nutrient-rich foods may help you alleviate some depression symptoms.
2. Lack of sleep can cause major depressive disorder
Lack of sleep is often considered to be a sign of depression. Excessive sleep and insomnia can be critical factors in determining whether someone is experiencing major depressive disorder (major depression). Knowing this, you might think that sleep deprivation would be a symptom rather than a cause.
Sleep issues can worsen symptoms of depression and impact mental health
However, lack of sleep can cause depression symptoms to worsen. It’s unclear whether sleep deprivation issues can cause depression on their own. Still, sleep issues have the potential to cause a depressive state that you’re already experiencing to become worse.
Practicing healthy sleep hygiene habits can be critical to your mental and physical health. If you’re experiencing sleep problems, take the time to reach out to a professional for support. There are changes that you can make to potentially get your sleep schedule back on track.
3. Birth control causes depression and mood changes
Mood changes are a possible side effect of some birth control. For some individuals, this can lead to a diagnosis of depression. Some decide to stop taking birth control due to emotional side effects. The risk of depression as a side effect of birth control can be minor but maybe something to consider when choosing a birth control method.
How birth control may affect your mood and mental health
If you recently started taking a new type of birth control and have been diagnosed with depression, discuss this with your prescribing doctor. Your birth control may need to be changed or adjusted. Additionally, you might be able to work with your doctor to find methods for improving your mental well-being, you are ensuring that both your reproductive and mental health are effectively managed.
4. Stress can cause symptoms of depression and affect mental health
Numerous studies have identified stress as one of the principal causes of depression. You might find that stress compounds over time and causes various symptoms, such as physical pain or lasting sadness. Some people with depression may also experience difficulty making decisions, which can affect several areas of life.
How stress can increase your risk of major depressive disorder
Certain types of stress might be acting as depression triggers for you. Triggers are often defined as activities or situations that cause a depressive response. Potential triggers of depression include a challenging task at your job or conflict with someone you love.
Working with a therapist may help you develop coping mechanisms for stress, such as mindfulness and breathing exercises, and start recognizing depression triggers. It might also be possible to learn how to avoid these problems to prevent yourself from falling into a depressive state in the future.
5. Drugs and alcohol can cause symptoms of depression?
Depression can be common among those experiencing an addiction to substances. Around one-third of people with depression also experience substance use disorder. Some individuals may turn to substance use to manage feelings of pre-existing depression. However, substance use can also intensify or trigger feelings like hopelessness, loneliness, anxiety, or sadness.
How substance use causes depression
Additionally, substance use may cause depression to worsen. If you’re experiencing depression and are prone to using substances when feeling down, seek support. Your doctor may assist you with any physical symptoms, and a therapist may help you overcome any challenging mental processes.
If you are struggling with substance use, contact the SAMHSA National Helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357) to receive support and resources. Support is available 24/7.
6. Physical health issues can cause depression
Studies have shown that physical health issues can cause depression in some patients. Noticing your condition worsen or feeling as if you can’t do what you used to do may cause you to experience symptoms of depression.
7. Physical diagnosis can cause mental health concerns such as depression
Depression may also be a symptom of some physical diagnoses. For example, thyroid disorders and liver disease can cause depression or mood changes. If you have a family history of these conditions, monitor your symptoms with your doctor.
8. Grief or loss can cause depression and affect hormone balance
Losing a loved one or experiencing grief are potential causes of depression, which can also lead to changes in hormone levels that affect mood and overall well-being. Grief may be a form of situational depression, as it may not be caused by a chemical imbalance, as many types of depression are.
Feeling down and lost after losing someone close to you can be completely normal. You may also experience these feelings after a breakup or other type of non-death-related loss.
Grief is one cause of depression and can increase your risk
Symptoms of grief may also mirror those of depression. If grief does not subside, it may turn into long-term major depression (major depressive disorder). While in mourning, you could experience trouble sleeping and might not be able to maintain an appetite.
Many people who are going through a loss will enter a period of severe depression. If you are grieving, reach out to your support system and try to practice self-care in this challenging time.
Treatment for depression and numerous mental disorders
Try to reach out for support as soon as you notice symptoms of depression. A doctor or therapist can provide support if you are struggling.
Although the list above provides some potential causes or effects of depression, other causes may not be listed. If you’re struggling to leave home or connect with a new therapist in person, you might appreciate the convenience of online counseling.
Consider online treatment options
An online mental health professional may offer more information on the causes of depression and teach you techniques to manage your symptoms.
Online CBT is an effective treatment for depression and can improve brain health
Studies have shown that online cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in treating numerous mental disorders, including anxiety and depression. Another review of 17 studies found that CBT online may be more effective than in-person therapy and is generally more cost-effective.
Online therapy can be a convenient way to learn more about depression and its symptoms. If you’re ready to sign up, consider reaching out to a counselor through a platform such as BetterHelp.
Takeaway
There can be several causes of depression, and you may experience more than one at once. If you’re experiencing symptoms of depression, consider reaching out for support as soon as possible. A counselor is just one method available to you, and your counselor may help you determine the proper treatment techniques for your depression.
What are the 3 leading causes of depression?
There are numerous risk factors that may increase the chances an individual will develop depression. These factors can be grouped into three categories—biological, psychological, and environmental.
With a heritability of approximately 40-50%, depression is thought to have a strong genetic component. Additionally, a deficiency in neurotransmitters—which are chemicals that communicate messages between nerve cells—is considered a major biological factor. Also, certain personality characteristics—such as high neuroticism—are common psychological contributors to depression. Lastly, environmental factors may include a physical illness (e.g., COVID-19), stressful events (e.g., the loss of a job), or seasonal changes (e.g., shorter days during winter).
What are the 10 major causes of depression?
There are several different causes that may lead to the development of depression.
Physical and mental disorders that can cause depression
The following is a list of 10 potential contributing factors:
Brain chemical imbalances (e.g., deficiency in serotonin)
Grief
Family history of depression or other mental health conditions
Comorbid mental disorders (e.g., bipolar disorder)
Major life events (e.g., moving cities)
Chronic illnesses (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease)
Other physical health challenges (e.g., chronic pain)
Personality traits (e.g., neuroticism)
Trauma
Substance use
What is the cause of depression and the most common form of it?
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common form of clinical depression, affecting an estimated 21 million adults in the US in 2021. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, depressive symptoms associated with MDD include low mood, anhedonia, sleep disruptions, psychomotor changes, alterations in eating patterns, and fatigue. Major depressive disorder is thought to be caused by a mix of environmental, psychological, and biological factors. Examples of environmental factors can include a major life change (e.g., a divorce), a serious medical illness (e.g., mononucleosis), or a chronic illness (e.g., diabetes). Psychological contributors may include personality traits or comorbid mental health conditions, while genetics and brain chemical imbalances are common biological factors.
Other common depressive disorders include persistent depressive disorder, seasonal affective disorder, and postpartum depression. Depressive disorders are typically treated through psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both. Therapy can help those who experience depression talk through their emotions, identify the sources of their feelings, and address any comorbid mental health conditions. Common medications for depression include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Always consult with a medical professional prior to starting or stopping any medication. A doctor may be able to prescribe a more effective medication for you if you experience side effects.
What is the cause of depression among teenagers?
A combination of factors such as peer pressure, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, social pressures, and traumatic life events can cause depression in teenagers.
What are the signs of anxiety?
Common signs of anxiety include nervousness, worry, fear, tension, gastrointestinal distress, irritability, fatigue, trouble focusing, and sleep disruptions. You might also experience a persistent feeling of restlessness or unease. If you’re experiencing the above signs of anxiety, a healthcare professional can provide you with screenings and determine whether further testing, diagnosis, and treatment are necessary.
What is the top cause of depression and its link to heart disease?
Most experts agree that there is not a single cause of depression but several potential contributing factors that can increase the risk of developing the disorder. According to the American Psychiatric Association, these potential causes include alterations in brain structure and function, genetics, personality traits, and environmental contributors. Imbalances in brain chemicals are thought to be a significant factor in the development of depression. Additionally, having a family history of depression or other mental health conditions can increase one’s risk of depression. Personality characteristics such as increased introversion are thought to play a role as well. Lastly, environmental factors—such as a medical illness, chronic pain, stressful life events, or the loss of a loved one—can contribute to the development of the disorder. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that depression and heart disease are closely linked, with each potentially exacerbating the other.
How does depression increase the risk of heart disease?
Depression increases the risk of heart disease by contributing to unhealthy lifestyle habits, chronic stress, and inflammation, all of which can negatively impact cardiovascular health.
What are the signs of stress linked to causes of depression?
Signs of stress linked to causes of depression include chronic anxiety, irritability, sleep disturbances, and physical symptoms like headaches or stomach aches. Physical problems can also exacerbate depression, creating a cycle of mental and physical symptoms.
What happens in the brain during depression?
Research shows that a number of different things happen in the brain when a person experiences a mood disorder such as depression. For example, the brain can become inflamed, which can cause depressive symptoms. There may also be more activity in certain brain regions like the amygdala, and the hippocampus can shrink over time.
Having depression treated can restore the brain to some extent. It may be best to seek treatment from a doctor or mental healthcare provider experienced in mood disorders for an accurate diagnosis. They can review your medical history and psychological factors to rule out any other conditions that could be contributing to your mental health symptoms.
Once you have your depression diagnosed, you’ll want to consider your treatment options. Research suggests a combination of psychotherapy (or talk therapy) and medication could be the best approach. Alternative treatments such as herbal supplements, lifestyle changes, and brain stimulation therapy may also be available.
What triggers depression and anxiety?
There are several factors that can trigger depression, anxiety, or both. Some of these include:
Physical or sexual abuse
Traumatic or stressful events
Certain medications and medical conditions
Certain personality traits
Substance misuse
Having blood relatives with a history of a mental health condition
Changes in brain chemistry
Pregnancy (in the case of prenatal depression)
Despite having risk factors compared to the general population, there may be some ways to prevent depression by managing known risk factors and adopting healthy lifestyle changes.
Depression is often associated with physical aches and emotional problems like low self-esteem, but you could have a more severe form that causes intense symptoms. In severe cases, depression causes self-harm, suicidal thoughts, and even suicide attempts. If you’re experiencing these, go to the nearest emergency room and call or text 988 to reach the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. Remember, depression is a medical condition and it’s nothing to be ashamed about. If you’re a member of a faith community, you can also reach out to a spiritual leader for guidance and support.
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