Regaining Appetite: Why Am I Never Hungry?
Content Warning: Please be advised, the below article may mention topics that could be triggering to the reader. If you are experiencing a crisis related to an eating disorder or would like further resources, contact the ANAD Eating Disorders Helpline at 1-888-375-7767 from Monday through Friday, 9 am to 9 pm CT. Please see our Get Help Now page for more immediate resources.
Food is an essential part of life and often plays a significant role in culture. However, when an individual experiences reluctance to eat due to unhelpful beliefs and social pressures this can lead to an unhealthy relationship with food. Eating disorders are serious mental illnesses that can develop when these thoughts become frequent or overwhelming.
It is essential to understand that food is not an enemy, and enjoying it is normal and healthy. To further understand this area of health, it may be helpful to look at why hunger could disappear due to physiological factors and psychological conditions like eating disorders.
Reasons you may not be hungry or experiencing a loss of appetite
You may not be hungry for several reasons, even when it's time to eat. One possible cause is stress. When you are under stress, your body releases cortisol, a hormone that can reduce your appetite. Additionally, certain medications and medical conditions may dampen your appetite. For example, thyroid problems, digestive issues, and certain cancers can affect hunger.
Another reason you may not be hungry is if you're not spending as much energy as usual. If you're taking it easy, your body may not require as much fuel to keep going. Whatever the reason for your lack of appetite, it can be crucial to ensure you're getting the nutrition you need to stay healthy.
Eating disorders in the modern world
Eating disorders have become a significant concern in the modern world. With the rise of social media, individuals are often bombarded with images of "perfect" stereotyped bodies and weight loss tips, causing some individuals to become fixated on their appearance and what they eat.
This unhealthy relationship with food may lead to restrictive eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia. Some people may also develop avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), which is not based on body image or a desire to lose weight but involves difficulty eating certain textures and foods and avoiding meals throughout the day.
While these disorders can affect anyone, they often disproportionately impact young people and women. Therefore, recognizing the signs of an eating disorder and seeking professional help as early as possible can be essential. Below are different categories of these conditions.
Anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a severe eating disorder characterized by a distorted body image, a fear of gaining weight, and an intense desire to be thin. It predominantly affects young women but can also occur in men and people of any age.
This illness can have severe consequences, both emotionally and physically. In some cases, it can be life-threatening. While there is no single cause of anorexia nervosa, research suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors may contribute to its development.
Treatment for this condition typically involves a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and nutritional counseling. Early detection and intervention can be essential for a successful recovery.
Bulimia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa is a severe eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors such as vomiting or laxative misuse.
This disorder can lead to physical and emotional health problems, making seeking professional help crucial for recovery. Despite the misconception that bulimia is a choice or a phase, it is a complex mental illness that often requires a comprehensive treatment plan.
Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)
Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is often considered a childhood disorder but can also occur in adults. It is more common in people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and involves restrictive eating patterns, sensory difficulties regarding food, and difficulty valuing food in one's life.
Someone with ARFID may forget to eat throughout the day, avoid food for fear of choking or swallowing wrong, and only eat a few primary foods they deem safe. People with ARFID may avoid complex textures or tastes, leaving them with only a few foods they generally enjoy eating. They may struggle to follow a specialty diet due to this symptom.
How weight loss due to ARFID differs from other eating disorders
People with ARFID may lose weight due to their condition. However, unlike other eating disorders, their goal is not to lose weight or change their body. Instead, they may experience shame or embarrassment about being underweight. They may also struggle to regain weight due to their eating habits and difficulty keeping food down. In the middle of meals, they may stop eating due to a sudden revulsion of food or the texture of the meal.
Recognizing the signs of an eating disorder
Recognizing the signs of an eating disorder can be crucial for early intervention and successful treatment outcomes. Often, eating disorders are characterized by an obsession with food, weight, and body image. As a result, individuals with an eating disorder may engage in purging, excessive exercising, or restricting their food intake. However, eating disorders are not limited to these behaviors.
In some cases, people with an eating disorder may appear to have a "normal" diet. However, they may still exhibit signs of a condition, such as social withdrawal, changes in mood, poor body image, and the use of laxatives or diet pills. Recognizing these signs can lead to early intervention, and professionals can work with the individual to address the underlying causes of the disorder and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
Creating a support network to reclaim enjoyment in eating food
Creating a solid support network can be an essential step in reclaiming your appetite and promoting a healthier lifestyle. Whether you're struggling with an eating disorder, attempting to lose weight, or aiming to improve your relationship with food, having a group of people who understand your goals and cheer you on may be valuable.
A support network could include friends, family, therapists, nutritionists, or support groups. With their encouragement, you may be more equipped to navigate challenges and setbacks, celebrate your successes, and stay motivated to reach your goals.
Healthy ways to reestablish your appetite after appetite loss
Whether you have been on a strict diet or are under significant stress, reestablishing your appetite can be crucial for maintaining mental and physical well-being. However, rather than overindulging in unhealthy foods, going about this process healthily can be vital.
One way to reestablish your appetite is by gradually increasing your food intake instead of consuming large portions in one sitting. Additionally, incorporating nutrient-rich foods such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains into your diet can help you regain your appetite.
Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water and avoiding sugary drinks can also be important. Lastly, getting enough sleep and participating in healthy exercise can improve digestion and increase appetite. Taking care of your body by prioritizing it may ensure that you develop healthy habits that last. However, note that some people with eating disorders use exercise to lose weight. If you relate, speak to your therapist or nutritionist before exercising as a coping skill.
Work with a mental health professional
Eating disorders are often complex and challenging to manage. One of the critical factors in treating these disorders can be the identification and management of inciting factors that cause you to engage in the behaviors associated with eating disorders. Emotional, psychological, or environmental factors might lead to restricting food, overexerting your body by exercising or avoiding certain foods.
Professionals work closely with those with eating disorders to identify what causes their behaviors and create strategies to manage or avoid them. This process may include developing coping mechanisms, building healthy habits, and increasing awareness of the factors that lead to unhealthy behaviors. Some professionals work in tandem with a team of providers, such as a nutritionist, doctor, or psychiatrist. A few cities may also have eating disorder centers where individuals can partake in multiple services in one location.
Support options for weight loss due to appetite loss
Therapy is often considered a tool for treating mental health and emotional challenges, but can also effectively promote healthy eating habits. Therapists can provide a path to recovery for those struggling with disordered eating or body image concerns. However, speaking about personal struggles with a therapist may be intimidating, especially when meeting them face to face. One alternative you might consider is online therapy through a platform like BetterHelp.
Online therapy for people experiencing appetite loss
With online therapy, you can meet with a therapist from your home or anywhere else that is safe, and secluded. A therapist can help you build a healthier relationship with food at your own pace as you feel comfortable. In addition, you can choose the way you receive support by selecting between phone, video, or live chat sessions with your therapist.
Effectiveness of online therapy
Research shows that those struggling with an unhealthy relationship with food or living with an eating disorder could benefit from online therapy. One study published in the International Journal of Eating Disorders found that online therapy was more effective than face-to-face therapy in treating the symptoms of moderate eating disorders. Additionally, researchers discovered that participants in the online therapy group were more likely to adhere to the study guidelines than those receiving in-person treatment.
Takeaway
Reestablishing one's appetite may involve lifestyle changes such as introducing healthy forms of exercise, sticking to meal plans, and attending therapy sessions. Therapy can provide a safe and comfortable environment to discuss sensitive issues. With a therapist, individuals can learn how to have a healthier, more balanced relationship with eating and nutrition. Consider reaching out to a therapist online or in your area to get started.
Frequently asked questions
Read more below for answers to questions commonly asked about “Why am I never hungry.”
What is it called when you are never hungry?
Anorexia is a general term for appetite loss. This term is commonly used interchangeably with anorexia nervosa, which is an eating disorder. However, though anorexia can sometimes describe anorexia nervosa, it also applies to many other conditions. For example, people may experience loss of appetite due to:
- Periods of high stress
- Acute illnesses, like the common cold, food poisoning, or the flu
- Morning sickness, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy
- Certain medications can decrease appetite, including some antibiotics, opioids, chemotherapy drugs, and antidepressants
- Mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, or an eating disorder (such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or avoidant and restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID))
- Grief
- Mouth or stomach pain
- Aging
- Hormonal changes
- Recovering from a major surgery
- Underlying chronic illnesses, such as hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or diabetes
You may be experiencing anorexia that requires medical attention if you’re no longer interested in your favorite foods, you’ve missed meals, your weight has changed suddenly, you’re experiencing fatigue or weakness, or your lack of interest in food persists for 24 hours or longer. Healthcare providers can address underlying conditions that may be causing your symptoms, and they sometimes prescribe medications that can stimulate your appetite.
Why do I eat when I’m not hungry?
Sometimes, people eat when they’re not physically hungry. This may be due to:
- Boredom
- Depression or anxiety
- Certain eating disorders, such as binge eating disorder
- Hormonal imbalances
- Stress
- Worry
- Food insecurity
- Comfort
- Habit
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Social obligations, such as when celebrating a birthday or when a loved one cooks for you
In some cases, the same triggers that cause appetite decline can lead to overeating. For example, in the short-term, stress can lead to a fight-or-flight response, resulting in the temporary loss of a person’s appetite. However, chronic stress releases cortisol, which motivates people to eat even when they are not physically hungry.
How can I get my appetite back?
If you don’t know what’s causing your reduced appetite, it may be a good idea to keep a food diary and track your symptoms. These notes can help you and your doctor uncover patterns and potential contributing factors.
In addition to tracking your symptoms, you may find the following appetite-boosting strategies helpful:
- Experiment with new types of cuisine, textures, and flavor profiles to find foods you enjoy
- Keep foods that you enjoy on hand
- Pick foods with a pleasant smell
- Try eating smaller meals throughout the day
- Make food look more appetizing with creative plating
- Buy ready-to-eat snacks that you tend to enjoy, such as trail mix, hummus with crackers, or apple slices with peanut butter
- Develop a list of recipes for meals you find most palatable, and return to them when you feel your appetite waning
- Emphasize nutrient-dense foods
- Consider adding supplement drinks or enriched soups to your diet if you’re at risk of malnutrition
- Try getting some light exercise before mealtimes, like going for a walk around your neighborhood
- Keep your kitchen void of dirty dishes and smelly garbage that may further suppress your appetite
- Speak with your doctor, as they may be able to stimulate appetite with prescription medications or treat underlying conditions
Can a loss of appetite be cured?
Depending on the cause of your symptoms, lack of appetite may not be “curable.” However, there are many ways to improve appetite, which may include:
- Getting enough high-quality sleep and physical activity
- Eating foods that smell good or that you find comforting
- Seeking the help of a physician who may be able to change your current medications, treat underlying conditions, or prescribe an appetite stimulate
- Psychotherapy (talk therapy)
In most cases, lack of appetite is a temporary condition that goes away when the underlying cause is addressed.
Why am I never hungry, even after not eating for two days?
If you haven’t eaten for two days and you’re still not hungry after trying some at-home appetite stimulation strategies, you should consider discussing your concerns with a healthcare provider. It can be dangerous not to eat for extended periods of time.
There are physical and psychological conditions that could be contributing to your lack of appetite. It may be especially important to seek medical advice if you notice any of the following symptoms:
- Inability to keep food down
- Difficulty swallowing
- Weakness, shakiness, dizziness, racing heartbeat, or heart palpitations
- It’s been longer than 24 hours since your last meal
- Sudden weight change
- Pain
A physician can conduct interviews, blood tests, imaging, and physical exams to determine the underlying cause of your anorexia. They may refer you to a mental health professional, dietitian, or another professional to address your lack of appetite.
What should I eat if I have appetite loss?
It can be difficult to eat when you’re experiencing a lack of appetite, but the following types of food may be more tolerable:
- Toast with various toppings, such as peanut butter with banana slices, or avocado with an egg
- Bland foods, such as rice, crackers, applesauce, bananas, steamed vegetables, or potatoes
- Smoothies made with fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats
- Simple soups
- Yogurt
- Comfort foods
- Ready-made snacks, like trail mix, granola bars, or hummus with chips
- Ginger or mint tea
- Electrolyte drinks, whole milk, or other fortified drinks
What happens if you don't eat food?
Food provides essential nutrients. When you go without food, you experience:
- A drop in blood sugar: This can lead to symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, and shakiness, which can be especially dangerous for people with diabetes
- Slower metabolism: The body enters a fasted state when you skip meals, which can lead to calorie conservation and eventually protein breakdown
- Disruption to hunger hormones: Insulin, cortisol, ghrelin, and leptin are hormones involved in controlling hunger. When you stop eating, these hormones can become dysregulated, which may increase the risk of binge eating or overeating when you do regain your appetite.
- Food becomes less enjoyable: Over time, focusing on food requirements can be stressful and make food less fun to eat. Intuitive eating can help some people improve their relationship with food.
- You may be prone to malnutrition: If you do not eat enough food, you are unlikely to get the necessary nutrients your body needs. Over time, malnutrition can lead to serious health effects.
Human beings need to consume food to survive. If you go multiple days without food, your body will begin using fatty tissues as an energy source. After a week or so, the body begins to break down muscle, and within two weeks, the breakdown of muscle may affect the heart, kidney, liver, and other organs, leading to eventual organ failure.
What is it called when you don't like eating?
Some people who do not enjoy eating may have avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). ARFID is an eating disorder characterized by little interest in food, anxiety linked to eating (such as fear of choking), avoidance of certain senses (such as smells, colors, textures, or tastes), or selecting only very specific foods to eat. Though some features are similar to anorexia nervosa, ARFID does not include distress regarding body image, size, fat, or body shape.
Why don't I enjoy eating?
Difficult life experiences, physical conditions, acute infections, certain medications, psychiatric disorders, chronic stress, and societal pressures can all impact your ability to enjoy eating. If you are concerned about your symptoms or find it difficult to meet your nutritional requirements, it may be a good idea to talk to your doctor.
How long can you go without food?
There are many individual factors impacting how long someone can live without eating. These factors include age, gender, weight, hydration, genetics, environmental factors, and the presence of underlying health conditions.
How does mental health affect appetite and eating habits?
When a person is feeling down and having problems affecting his/her mental health, he/she tends to have low energy levels, resulting to simple tasks of cooking and eating that seem overwhelming. Aside from this, mental health conditions such as depression can lead to nausea, vomiting, and others that could lead to appetite loss.
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