Why Would You Say That? Understanding The Intent Behind Hurtful Words

Medically reviewed by Nikki Ciletti, M.Ed, LPC and Laura Angers Maddox, NCC, LPC
Updated November 18, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team
Content Warning: Please be advised, the below article might mention trauma-related topics that include abuse which could be triggering to the reader. If you or someone you love is experiencing abuse, contact the Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233). Support is available 24/7. Please also see our Get Help Now page for more immediate resources.

The phrase “If you know how I feel, why would you say that?” gained a moment of fame on the internet after Kim Kardashian said it in an emotional conversation on her reality show. Though the meme might make you laugh, Kim’s question reveals a reality many people experience. Sometimes the people close to us say things they know will hurt our feelings. When this happens to you, how should you interpret it, and what should your response be?

People are complex, and the motivations for hurtful comments can vary. The other person could have been lashing out momentarily because of defensiveness or long-suppressed shame, and they may quickly regret it and make amends. Alternatively, their words could be part of a larger pattern of emotional abuse that may make you rethink your relationship entirely. We’ll discuss these possibilities in more depth below and give you some suggestions on how to respond. 

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Understanding is not excusing

Before continuing, we should clarify one thing: explaining why a person said or did something hurtful doesn’t always make it okay. Almost everyone can determine why they did something — studies have shown that many people will invent reasons, even for seemingly irrational actions. The fact that your friend, parent, partner, or coworker had a reason for hurting your feelings doesn’t necessarily mean you should simply accept it and move on.

This can be particularly important to remember in cases of emotional abuse. As the National Association of Adult Survivors of Child Abuse notes, people who perpetuate abuse often deliberately look for opportunities to "play the victim" to make their targets feel at fault. Even if someone had a reason for trying to hurt your feelings, you can decide if you’re willing to accept their behavior.

"Why would you say that?”: Understanding why people say hurtful things

It is not always a sign of abuse when someone makes a hurtful comment. Perhaps the speaker wasn't aware of how sensitive a topic was for you or thought it was irrelevant at the time.

Even if they were aware of how their comments would be perceived, it could be a temporary lapse in judgment or loss of control that they may regret later. Studies of everyday aggression suggest that it’s common for people to lash out at those they know best. It is more likely that harsh words will hurt more deeply in a close relationship since the other person is more likely to care what the other person thinks.

Here are a few reasons why someone might say something hurtful to you even when they know how it will make you feel:

Defensiveness

One everyday context for hurtful remarks is in the middle of an argument. When you argue with someone over something, they may say something nasty to derail or deflect your arguments. Whether consciously or unconsciously, they could be attempting to put you on the defensive to steer the conversation away from what they’ve done wrong.

Shame or low self-esteem

Sometimes people say hurtful things in response to their feelings of hurt. Research suggests that a lack of stable self-esteem is one of the most common motivators of verbal aggression. People may say things they know will hurt you, so they can boost their self-esteem by tearing you down. If your friend, relative, or partner has insulted you, consider whether recent events may have triggered their insecurities.

Unresolved shame can be a powerful motivator of anger, especially in men. Your conversation may have reminded the person of something they feel ashamed about. It might even be something that they aren't admitting to themselves.

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Avoidant emotional attachment

Psychologists have identified several different attachment styles or the patterns in which people form emotional attachments. When someone doesn’t get consistent attention, reinforcement, and support in childhood, they may develop insecure attachments, which may cause difficulties relating to others.

An avoidant attachment style could make someone fearful or suspicious of closeness, prompting them to push others away in response to increasing intimacy. If you know someone who always seems to hurt you just when you thought things were going well between you, they might have an avoidant attachment style. 

Cluster B personality disorder

The American Psychological Association has defined several combinations of severely maladaptive personality traits as personality disorders. It is a mental condition in which a person’s desires, emotions, motivations, and worldview incline them toward harmful or irrational behavior. Those classified as Cluster B personality disorders are often associated with deliberate attempts to harm or manipulate other people. A person who seems to play with your emotions and hurt you intentionally might have one or more of these disorders:

  • Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD): These individuals tend to have an exaggerated sense of their importance and may feel justified in saying hurtful things to get your attention or responding to minor or imagined grievances.
  • Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD): This condition involves a lack of empathy, a fear of consequences, and a tendency toward impulsive, destructive actions. Someone with ASPD may make others feel bad to get what they want or simply for amusement.
  • Histrionic personality disorder (HPD): A person with HPD tends to exaggerate and dramatize everyday life out of a craving for attention and excitement and might cause hurt feelings out of a desire to provoke conflict.
  • Borderline personality disorder (BPD): BPD involves deep ambivalence about emotional attachments, severe mood swings, and an unstable self-image. People with this condition might seek to test your attachment to them through hurtful behavior or lash out with excessive harshness when they feel hurt or abandoned.

How should you respond when someone says something they know will hurt you?

Regardless of the reasons for someone’s hurtful remarks, how you respond can affect the rest of the interaction. If you react angrily, there’s a chance that the other person will respond similarly. Research suggests that rudeness is contagious. Consider taking a step back to understand what the other person might be trying to communicate, even if it comes across as hurtful.

Even if you’re confident the other person was intentionally trying to hurt your feelings, responding in kind may simply be giving them what they want. They may have intended to provoke an angry reaction to change the subject or give themselves a way to justify their negative behavior. And in the long run, repeatedly giving in to anger could harm your health.

"Why would you say that?” : How to respond to hurtful remarks

Rather than reacting negatively, let go of your initial reaction and try to address the person's comments calmly. Despite how difficult it may be in the moment, it can often have a much better outcome.

Here are a few simple steps you could take:

Take a few deep breaths

Though this advice may sound cliché, experiments show that diaphragmatic breathing can reduce stress, tension, and negative emotions. Pausing for a few moments to do this also gives you time to think before you speak.

Acknowledge and reframe your feelings

Trying to push your anger away may only reinforce it. A more effective approach may be to mentally acknowledge your anger and its reasons while reminding yourself that aggressive responses might not be helpful.

Calmly address the other person’s words

After you’ve taken a few moments to mentally and physically relax, you should be able to respond to the other person’s comments calmly. It may be helpful to calmly explain to the other person what they said was hurtful and ask for an explanation. 

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Therapy can help with hurtful behavior patterns

Relationship therapy may be beneficial if your partner or family member makes negative remarks to you frequently. If they don’t agree to go, or if your issue is with a friend or colleague, you may find that individual counseling helps you cope with hurtful situations more constructively.

For many people, online therapy is more convenient than seeking out a mental health professional in person. If scheduling or traveling to face-to-face appointments is difficult, talking to a therapist through text, voice chat, or video conferencing may be more flexible. Many couples who try online therapy report feeling a greater sense of control and comfort that promotes engagement with the therapeutic process.

Online therapy can be effective for treating a variety of mental health conditions. A study found that in-person and online counseling are equally effective in reducing symptoms and improving mental health outcomes. Through BetterHelp's online platform, you can easily connect with a licensed and trained therapist.

"A wonderful therapist and extremely supportive, gives great advice and really feel like a safe place to share your thoughts emotions and experiences with. Would recommend 100%."
— BetterHelp member’s review of their therapist

Takeaway

Shame, defensiveness, and uncomfortable feelings with emotional intimacy can sometimes lead to intentionally hurtful comments. Recognizing these motivations doesn't mean you have to dismiss mean-spirited remarks. Before responding angrily, you should pause, relax, and gather your thoughts. If you are struggling to assert yourself, manage your emotions, or find support, reach out to an online therapist at BetterHelp.
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