National Human Trafficking Prevention Month

Medically reviewed by April Justice, LICSW
Updated December 20, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team
Content warning: Please be advised, the below article might mention trauma-related topics that include abuse which could be triggering to the reader. If you or someone you love is experiencing abuse, contact theDomestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233). Support is available 24/7. Please also see our Get Help Now page for more immediate resources.

Every January, National Human Trafficking Month serves as a way to raise awareness of individuals who are exploited through human trafficking. Human trafficking has become a serious issue in the US, impacting millions of people annually. Below, learn about human trafficking, strategies to recognize and prevent it, and ways to get support for human trafficking and abuse.  

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When was January named Human Trafficking Prevention Month? 

According to the US Department of State, approximately 27.6 million people are trafficked at any given time. In 2010, President Barack Obama declared January to be “National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month.” The federal government continues to raise awareness and provide education on trafficking every January during Human Trafficking Prevention Month to bring awareness to these millions of people who are trafficked.

What is human trafficking?

Human trafficking can take many forms, and many people may not always recognize them. In some cases, people who have been trafficked may not recognize that what they are being forced to do is unlawful. The following are some common types of human trafficking. 

Forced labor 

Some people are forced to perform labor they otherwise wouldn’t want to do. They may be physically forced or coerced into doing this work. Forced labor can occur in numerous industries, both legal and illicit. According to the International Labour Organization, 63% of forced labor occurs in the individual sector

The Trafficking Victims Protection Act uses an Acts, Means, and Purpose framework to describe forced labor. According to the US Department of State, the 
“Acts element of forced labor is met when the trafficker recruits, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains a person for labor or services.” The means part of the framework may include coercion, force, or fraud. Some traffickers may threaten to hold a person’s identification documents, withhold their pay, report them to immigration authorities, harm their reputation, or hurt their family. The purpose part of the framework refers to exploiting someone for labor or services. 

Types of forced labor

Two types of forced labor are forced child labor and domestic servitude. In some cases, a child may be in the custody of someone outside the family who benefits from their labor. The child may be unable to rest or go to school due to work obligations. 

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Domestic servitude refers to a type of forced labor in which a person performs work inside someone else’s home. Foreign nationals may be particularly susceptible to this type of abuse as a result of language barriers, isolation, and threats related to their immigration status. Their abuser may control their basic needs, such as housing, food, or transportation.  

Sex trafficking

According to the State Department, sex trafficking “encompasses the range of activities involved when a trafficker uses force, fraud, or coercion to compel another person to engage in a commercial sex act or causes a child to engage in a commercial sex act.” The act, means, and purpose framework can also be applied to sex trafficking, with the exception of child sex trafficking, for which the means element is not required. Sex trafficking can take place on the internet and at closed residences, massage parlors, hotels, or other locations.  

Know the signs of human trafficking

The following are some possible signs of human trafficking:

  • Fear or submission
  • Difficulty finding opportunities to speak one-on-one with a person
  • Cohabitation with employer
  • Numerous people living in a cramped space
  • Answers that seem to be rehearsed

Questions to ask if you suspect human trafficking

If you notice these or other signs, consider trying to talk to the person in question, but only if you are certain that the person’s trafficker won’t notice. If you can be alone with the person, you might consider asking the following questions recommended by the US Department of Health & Human Services:

  • Can you leave your job or situation if you want?
  • Can you come and go as you please?
  • Have you been threatened if you try to leave?
  • Have you been physically harmed in any way?
  • What are your working or living conditions like?
  • Where do you sleep and eat?
  • Do you sleep in a bed, on a cot, or on the floor?
  • Have you ever been deprived of food, water, sleep, or medical care?
  • Do you have to ask permission to eat, sleep, or go to the bathroom?
  • Are there locks on your doors and windows so you cannot get out?
  • Has anyone threatened your family?
  • Has your identification or documentation been taken from you?
  • Is anyone forcing you to do anything you do not want?

If you aren’t sure if someone is a survivor of human trafficking, you can call the National Human Trafficking Hotline at 1-888-373-7888. In an emergency, you can also call 911. 

Therapy for those concerned about trafficking, abuse, or violence

If you’re experiencing concerns about human trafficking or abuse—whether as a survivor or someone concerned about another person—you may benefit from speaking to a licensed counselor. A counselor may be able to answer questions about trafficking and address any emotional concerns you’re facing, whether about trafficking or any other topic.

A woman in a white cardigan looks down and holds the hand of another woman sitting on a couch next to her. She speaks to a woman sitting on a chair across the room taking notes.
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Online therapy to discuss violence during Human Trafficking Prevention Month

If you’re concerned about talking to someone about your concerns in person, you might consider online therapy through a platform like BetterHelp. With online therapy, you can choose a nickname and speak with a therapist via audio, video, or live chat from anywhere with an internet connection. Online therapy also allows you to reach out to your therapist at any time via in-app messaging, and they’ll get back to you as soon as they can. 

Research shows that online therapy is effective for a number of mental health conditions. One study found that online therapy was effective for depression, anxiety, and panic disorder, which may be common among people who have experienced or witnessed human trafficking or abuse. A therapist may be able to help you get to the root causes of your concerns, even if they’re unrelated to human trafficking or abuse. 

Takeaway

Every year in January, the United States celebrates National Human Trafficking Prevention Month. This time can serve to educate others about the signs of human trafficking and ways to prevent trafficking. If you’re concerned about human trafficking or some type of abuse, you may benefit from connecting with a counselor, whether in person or online. Reach out to receive support.
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