What To Expect When You Have Withdrawal Symptoms

Medically reviewed by Brianne Rehac, LMHC and Majesty Purvis, LCMHC
Updated October 23, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team
Content warning: Please be advised, the below article might mention substance use-related topics that could be triggering to the reader. If you or someone you love is struggling with substance use, contact SAMHSA’s National Helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357). Support is available 24/7. Please see our Get Help Now page for more immediate resources.

Substance addiction may feel challenging for everyone involved, especially when dealing with withdrawal. Individuals experiencing substance use disorders might face vital decisions on the journey toward recovery, and the withdrawal process can feel like a worrying part of that journey. 

The idea of withdrawal can hold unknowns or potential for discomfort. However, there are ways to learn more about the commonalities of substance withdrawal and how to manage them. 

Seeking professional help for substance use disorders and withdrawal

If you or a loved one is struggling with addiction and wants to quit, contact a medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation and detoxing. It’s important to know that individuals who experience severe withdrawal symptoms or have other medical comorbidities are at risk for serious health complications that can be fatal. A professional will be able to address any complications and can prescribe medication or advise treatment methods. You may increase your chances of a healthy, successful withdrawal by reaching out for support.

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Online therapy can help with withdrawal and substance use disorders

What is withdrawal?

Withdrawal is a chemical, mental, and physical reaction when an individual experiencing addiction stops consuming substances like drugs or alcohol. When a person experiences physical dependency on specific substances, their body may require that substance to feel well. This is different from discontinuation syndrome which is a physical reaction to stopping an antidepressant medication abruptly.

Without the substance, the body might experience withdrawals. The withdrawal process allows the body to detox and restructures to function healthily without a substance. The experience of withdrawal can be highly variable. However, some symptoms are commonly reported. 

Factors that affect withdrawal

The withdrawal process can be different for everybody. While some people have severe withdrawals, others may not experience noticeable withdrawal symptoms at all. 

If a person has been regularly using a substance for any period, they may experience symptoms. The severity of withdrawal can vary depending on the following:

  • How long the substance use occurred

  • How much of the substance was consumed on each dose

  • The type of substance that a person used

  • How often the individual used the substance per day 

Common withdrawal symptoms 

When you or a loved one stops using a substance, there are some common symptoms to expect from withdrawal and detox. 

Everyone's experience can be different, and the following are commonly reported symptoms. Other symptoms may also be present depending on the factors listed above. If you are experiencing any adverse effects after stopping a substance, reach out to your primary care physician. 

If you are experiencing a life-threatening emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. 

Depression/anxiety/mood swings

Many individuals use substances to manage their emotional state. Often, drugs and alcohol may work to alter the emotional centers of the brain in such a way that new emotional states are achieved upon their consumption. Thus, when an individual experiences withdrawal, they may also experience mood swings or negative feelings. 

Many substances have the effect of making a person feel more relaxed or more energized and focused. Colloquially, these are known as "downers" and "uppers," and they affect serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and other hormone uptake receptors in the brain, which may cause a "high" or feeling of extreme happiness, joy, desire, or relaxation. A substance may also cause numbness, depression, or other negative emotions and sensations.  

When a person has used addictive substances, their neuro-receptors can be affected negatively. Their brain may stop producing emotion-controlling hormones to fill the receptors because it has learned that it's no longer necessary. 

When that same person experiences withdrawal, they might experience depression, anxiety, and other types of mood-related symptoms as their body goes about rebalancing itself emotionally.

Irritability

Irritability can be a typical withdrawal symptom. The withdrawal and detox process can feel uncomfortable, so irritability may be a response. 

The individual experiencing withdrawal may undergo the process of restructuring their lifestyle and working through the symptoms involved with physical detox. There may be a lot to process, so those living with withdrawal symptoms may experience mild to severe irritability.

Cravings

Cravings are often a symptom of drug and alcohol withdrawal. An individual who has used substances frequently for a period of time may crave the substance physically or emotionally. 

This symptom may be handled carefully to help the person in withdrawal avoid relapse. Consult a professional for advice on how to help yourself or a loved one manage cravings during this time. 

Headaches

In withdrawal, your body may go through a lot of work to detox and restructure. Headaches could be caused by various factors, including stress or as a side effect of the substances you no longer use.  

The headache may feel mild, moderate, or severe and could become a migraine in some situations. Care for your headaches healthily and safely during withdrawals. You may avoid other substances or visit a professional to get support for pain relief. 

Restlessness and insomnia

Restlessness and insomnia are potential withdrawal symptoms regardless of whether the substance used was a stimulant. However, some individuals might not experience this symptom depending on the substance they were taking. 

These symptoms can feel uncomfortable for the individual who is experiencing them. Although mild restlessness and insomnia may be treated naturally, severe cases may require medical assistance to ensure that the person in withdrawal gets enough rest and sleep to heal and recover. 

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Fever/chills

In the early stages of withdrawal, you may experience fever and chills. It is a part of the detox process as the body works to recenter and rebalance itself without the presence of an addictive substance.  

A withdrawal fever (with or without chills) can feel extremely uncomfortable and may be observed carefully. This symptom is a primary reason why experts recommend that drug and alcohol withdrawal be begun under the close supervision of an experienced professional who can monitor and oversee the process.

A knowledgeable rehab professional may help individuals experiencing withdrawal-related fever and chills feel comfortable. They may also be able to prescribe medication or offer other therapies to assist in a speedier, safer detox.

Shakiness

Shakiness may be accompanied by fever and chills during withdrawal. 

Shakiness can be a severe symptom, so getting medical support from a professional can be essential. Shakiness may be caused by various factors and is often reported in opioid withdrawal. However, it may also be experienced when a person withdraws from alcohol. 

Seizures

Some individuals who are experiencing severe withdrawal may experience seizures or convulsions in some cases. The risk of seizure is often correlated with withdrawal from alcohol or benzodiazepines. In some cases, seizure activity during withdrawal can be fatal. Individuals withdrawing from these substances should do so under the advisement of a medical professional who can provide treatment and monitoring for this symptom.

Variability of symptoms of withdrawal

Over the long term, there may be other psychological effects of withdrawal that emerge as well. However, these effects could vary more dramatically depending on the type of substance used and the frequency of use. Withdrawal may be somewhat different for each individual, which is why seeking professional support is usually important.

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Online therapy can help with withdrawal and substance use disorders

How to treat withdrawal and detox safely

If you or someone you love is trying to quit using a substance, withdrawal is often an inevitable part of the process. To detox safely, stay in contact with a licensed professional who understands substance use. 

Withdrawal can become an emergency, especially in the beginning. For this reason, it can be essential to have support from a medical doctor and support system, such as family or friends, that can check in on you when you're alone. 

If possible for you, going through the initial stages of withdrawal at a detox or rehabilitation may be an intelligent move toward success and safety.

Can psychotherapy be helpful for withdrawal? 

Those with substance use disorders or withdrawal symptoms may experience mental health symptoms or conditions. They may want to reach out for support from a therapist. In some cases, someone experiencing withdrawal or concerns related to substance use may not want to leave home due to physical or emotional symptoms. 

In this case, an online therapy option may be beneficial. Some research suggests online substance use treatment could benefit individuals unable to get support with their substance use disorder in person.

Online therapy for substance use can also be more convenient and less stressful than leaving the house to get care. If you want emotional support from a counselor, consider signing up for a platform such as BetterHelp, which offers a growing database of professionals, including those specializing in addiction. 

Takeaway

The road toward recovery from substance use can feel long and fraught with trials and tribulations. However, the rewards at the journey's end may feel well worth it. Being able to manage your emotions and physical health without substance use successfully may be rewarding and could open a possibility for positive future relationships and opportunities.

If you're going through withdrawal and need someone to talk to, consider reaching out to a counselor to get started. 

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