Why Do People Believe In Astrology? History And Research

Since the beginning of human history, we have looked towards the sky to reflect on our place in the universe. Human beings seem hard-wired to ask questions and look for meaning in the world around us, which may help explain the richness and diversity of religions and spiritual beliefs across cultures. Astrology is one example of a spiritual belief that continues to be widespread today, with mass pop-culture appeal that spans social media as well as mainstream newspaper and magazine publications.

Unlike astronomy, which is a scientific field that studies celestial objects and phenomena using rigorous scientific methods, astrology is not considered a science. Researchers have explored whether there is any quantifiable, testable truth behind astrological beliefs—such as whether personality traits may be attributable to planetary positions—and have found no evidence to support such claims. Nevertheless, belief in astrology persists, leaving some to wonder: Why do people believe in astrology?

Here, we’ll explore the history and research behind astrology, delving into both history and psychology to understand why and how astrology continues to capture the belief and interest of so many. We will also cover some evidence-based alternatives to astrology, which may be helpful for those who wish to gain a richer understanding of themselves and the world around them.

Understanding astrology and its origins

Astrology refers to the pseudoscientific belief that there is a correlation between celestial movements and events taking place on Earth. Astrologers believe that the positions and alignments of celestial bodies can provide insights into human behavior and the course of events.

The origins of astrology can be traced back more than five thousand years, when humans first began tracking the movements of the sun, moon, planets, and stars. It emerged independently in various cultures across the world, including in Mesopotamia, China, India, and ancient Greece, and it was considered a science until the Enlightenment period of the 16th and 17th centuries.

Is there any science behind astrology?

Astrology is considered a pseudoscience. Its principles and claims are not supported by empirical evidence and do not conform to the rigorous standards of the scientific method. Scientific studies examining the relationship between astrology and personality traits, for instance, have failed to produce consistent or reliable results. 

Moreover, scientific understanding of physics and astronomy contradicts the idea that large, distant celestial objects can exert force upon humans. For example, consider Einstein’s theory of general relativity, which posits that the gravitational force exerted by two objects is a function of how large and close one another they are, meaning that the force stars and planets exert upon individuals is extremely weak. Put simply, we are simply too small and too far away to be affected by the planets. The gravitational pull of a person standing next to you is many orders of magnitude stronger than that of any distant planet.

Why people may believe in astrology

Despite the lack of scientific validity, astrology continues to attract a significant number of believers worldwide. There are several reasons why people may believe in astrology. 

Pattern recognition

One factor is the human tendency to seek patterns and explanations for events and phenomena. Our species evolved to be able to recognize patterns in the world around us. For example, we have an innate ability to recognize faces, maintain rhythms, and acquire language.

Anecdotal evidence

Another reason for belief in astrology is anecdotal evidence. People often share stories of accurate predictions or instances where astrology seemed to provide insightful information about their lives. These personal experiences can be compelling and may reinforce an individual’s beliefs in astrology. 

Additionally, astrology's place in popular culture may contribute to its continued influence. Websites, apps, and social media accounts dedicated to astrology provide personalized readings, birth chart interpretations, and astrological content tailored to individual interests. The widespread availability of this type of content has expanded the reach and influence of astrology, fostering a sense of community among believers and attracting new followers.

Confirmation bias

Confirmation bias is a psychological phenomenon that likely plays a significant role in why people believe in astrology. It refers to the tendency to seek, interpret, and remember information in a way that confirms preexisting beliefs or expectations while disregarding or downplaying contradictory evidence.

Individuals who already believe in astrology’s validity may actively seek out information that supports their beliefs. They may read horoscopes or consult astrologers who provide interpretations that align with their own experiences or desired outcomes. These individuals are more likely to remember the instances where astrology seemed accurate, reinforcing their belief in its efficacy.

Lack of scientific understanding

Astrology's intricate system of zodiac signs, birth charts, and planetary influences can give the impression of scientific legitimacy to those unfamiliar with the scientific method. Some believers in astrology may also be unfamiliar with the basic principles of physics that contradict its claims and may be unaware of psychological phenomena such as pattern recognition and confirmation bias. 

It is worth noting, however, that scientific literacy may not necessarily preclude belief in astrology. Personal beliefs and experiences can be influenced by a variety of factors. That said, a lack of scientific understanding may make individuals more susceptible to accepting astrology's claims at face value without critically evaluating its basis or considering alternative explanations.

Need for spirituality

Another significant reason why people may believe in astrology is what appears to be an inherent human tendency toward some sense of spirituality. Spirituality refers to the search for meaning, purpose, and connection to something greater than oneself and can encompass beliefs and practices that go beyond the realms of the physical and material world.

Astrology may help fulfill the need for a sense of spirituality by providing individuals with a framework through which they can explore their identity, purpose, and place in the universe. It offers a language and symbolism that allows people to make sense of their experiences and emotions in a broader cosmic context.

Spirituality and mental health

For many people, spirituality is an essential source of comfort and a method of finding meaning and navigating life’s challenges. Psychiatric research has revealed insights into the relationship between spirituality and mental health, suggesting that a sense of spirituality of some kind may indeed play a role in mental health and happiness.

Astrology and other spiritual or religious beliefs may provide individuals with a sense of meaning, guidance, and connection to something greater than themselves. While these may differ in their practices and principles, they share the common aspect of addressing existential questions and providing a framework for understanding the world.

Evidence-based mental and emotional support

While astrology may provide an enjoyable pastime and offer a unique lens through which to analyze people and life events, it may also be worth considering adopting some evidence-based approaches to gaining insight and nurturing mental health. Spending time outdoors, for example, may help connect you to your place in nature, and research suggests that it could have positive effects on mental health and well-being. Other ways of deepening your spiritual connection to the world could include nurturing your relationships with others and your community, practicing meditation and mindfulness, and engaging in psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy is a broad field that encompasses various therapeutic approaches and evidence-based techniques aimed at improving mental health and well-being. Modern therapeutic modalities are rooted in the scientific method and have been suggested by decades of peer-reviewed research to be effective in treating a wide range of mental health conditions and emotional challenges. Some examples of common therapy modalities today include:

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is an extensively studied therapeutic approach that focuses on the connection between thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. It can help individuals understand how their thoughts and emotions may be influencing their lives, which could be helpful for those asking important questions about their experiences and seeking personal growth.
• Psychodynamic therapy. Psychodynamic therapy explores how unconscious processes and early life experiences may be driving one’s feelings and behaviors today. Research suggests that psychodynamic therapy can be effective in treating mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression as well as eating disorders and others.
• Existential therapy. Existential therapy is a unique form of therapy that addresses fundamental questions about human existence, meaning, and purpose. While it’s less studied than other types of therapy, there is some evidence to suggest that it may contribute to an improved sense of meaning, self-efficacy, and well-being. Note that it’s primarily used for individuals with terminal illnesses or who are experiencing anxiety related to death.

It’s also worth noting that most types of therapy are now available online through platforms like BetterHelp. Online therapy offers a convenient and affordable way to attend therapy from the comfort of home. Research suggests that virtual therapy may be just as effective as in-person therapy in many cases, so you can generally feel confident in choosing whichever format appeals to you.