What Is Emotional Distress? Symptoms And Self-Help Strategies

Medically reviewed by Laura Angers Maddox, NCC, LPC and Arianna Williams, LPC, CCTP
Updated November 4, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team

The human mind is complex, and many emotional reactions can occur based on unique events, emotional tolerance, and personality. If you are experiencing significant distress after a certain event, it may help to understand what this distress means, the underlying emotions contributing to it, and how to find support.

This article explores what emotional distress is, potential risk factors or causes (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder or the loss of a family member), and resources that may help you cope with and recover from emotional distress. 

Are you experiencing emotional distress?

What is emotional distress? 

Emotional distress is defined as a highly unpleasant emotional reaction, such as anguish, fury, or despair. While some people view emotional distress as a temporary issue that one should simply overcome, it may be more than a fleeting problem.The offshoots of emotional distress can be serious, and long-term distress may be a sign of an underlying mental illness, like depression or anxiety. 

Emotional distress can develop from various causes, including the negligent or intentional infliction of emotional pain by another individual. This type of mental suffering can occur in environments like the workplace, within personal relationships, or after traumatic events. High-risk behaviors, traumatic events, and pre-existing mental health conditions may amplify a distressed emotional response. 

Signs and symptoms of emotional distress

One of the first steps to understanding emotional distress is being aware of the common warning signs and symptoms that accompany this emotional reaction. Below are several to keep in mind.

Poor quality of sleep

Poor sleep quality is a significant risk factor for and symptom of emotional distress. People living with sleep deprivation, continuously waking up during the night or noticing an overall decline in the quality of the rest they're getting each night, may experience emotional distress. If sleep woes are ongoing, they may be a manifestation of an underlying challenge. Sleep is paramount for well-being. Frequent lack of sleep can contribute to health conditions or symptoms like diabetes, high blood pressure, kidney disease, and stroke.

Drastic weight changes

Like poor sleep quality, drastic weight changes can be symptomatic of severe emotional distress. In some cases, these alterations can indicate an eating disorder like anorexia or bulimia. Often, eating disorders are not so much about food as they are about control. An individual experiencing emotional distress may believe they are powerless in their life, turning to their food or weight to try to regain control.

Sudden outbursts of anger

Those experiencing emotional distress may have difficulty controlling their tempers. A short temper may result in frequent urges to "lash out" at minor provocations. Irate and uncontrolled outbursts of anger can have serious and life-impacting consequences. These outbursts can alienate significant others, friends, family members, children, and coworkers. 

Someone who lashes out at their boss or clients may open themselves up to losing their careers. Despite the heavy damage that can be brought about because of angry outbursts, there may be internal warning signs that indicate the existence of rage. Anger management programs and therapy are options for overcoming this emotional dysregulation. 

Drained energy

An individual's emotions are often tied to their levels of energy. Happiness can provide energy, while sadness or despair can drain energy. Intense anger may provide temporary bursts of energy only to cause a significant "crash" later. Emotional distress left unchecked may begin to deplete the body's energy. This process often results in extreme fatigue, lack of motivation, and lack of interest in one's previously enjoyed hobbies. In some cases, a severe lack of energy is a sign of a depressive disorder.  

Crying spells

Crying spells, often characterized by frequent and intense episodes of tears, can signal deep emotional distress, possibly caused by fear or other traumas. These episodes may suggest that the person's emotions are intense and difficult to manage on their own. As a result, there may be deep-seated problems that need attention.

How to avoid emotional distress

One way to avoid emotional distress is to avoid people, environments, and situations contributing to it. Surrounding yourself with positive people, maintaining healthy relationships, and frequenting uplifting environments are a few ways to achieve this step. 

However, avoiding people who contribute to emotional distress may be challenging. Some relationships are healthy but can become toxic over time, for instance. In other situations, one's work environment can be the catalyst for their emotional distress. In these cases, complications may seem to spiral out of control rapidly. 

Letting go of relationships or environments one has become accustomed to or invested in can be challenging. However, over time, the adverse effects of emotional distress could outweigh the perceived benefits of remaining invested in these environments. Below are a couple of ways to avoid emotional distress and practice self-care.  

Work to achieve happiness

One defense against emotional distress is working to achieve happiness. With determination and dedication, happiness may be a state of mind that can be achieved. Still, there are a plethora of misconceptions regarding happiness. 

Some may think that income, job title, fame, status, or sexual attention will automatically make them happy. However, contentment with life may not come from external sources or other people. Individual habits, decisions, and lifestyle choices can serve as tools to achieve happiness. There is no one-size-fits-all solution to emotional distress, but there are ways individuals can rise above emotional distress and enjoy life.  

Find balance to avoid stress

At its core, balance is about well-roundedness. A person may achieve a well-rounded lifestyle in various ways, such as caring for their health. Self-care can involve adequate sleep, nutrition, and exercise. 

It may be challenging to find balance if you neglect your health when stressed, such as willingly sacrificing your sleep to get more work done. Start striving toward a more balanced life daily. People who work late nights and long hours can try to make a concerted effort to take time for themselves. 

Making an effort could mean taking a day off work, sleeping in once a week, or devoting one day a week to a technological detox. Often, society glamorizes the notion of constantly grinding, hustling, and working hard to climb the corporate ladder and accomplish goals. However, rest is important as well. While work has merit, there can also be merit in knowing when to relax. Taking a break can lead to productivity down the road, as opposed to continuing to push oneself in the face of impending burnout.

Are you experiencing emotional distress?

Seek professional help for your mental health

Some individuals may be uncomfortable with the idea of seeking professional help. At times, this hesitancy can be rooted in pride or ego. Other times, people have been led to believe that they can or should solve their problems independently. In some cases, individuals are told that only weak or inadequate people seek the services of counselors or therapists.

These misconceptions can be harmful. No matter how strong, knowledgeable, or informed someone might be, it is healthy to seek help. There is nothing weak about asking for support, guidance, or a professional opinion. In addition, over 41.7 million US adults see a therapist, with nearly four out of ten Americans seeing an online therapist through platforms like BetterHelp. 

If you're already stressed, juggling an in-person appointment may be out of the question. You might be too busy or overwhelmed about discussing your problems with a stranger. Online therapy can be more convenient and offer a more comfortable environment for discussing vulnerable subjects. This form of therapy can be attained from home, or anywhere you have an internet connection. 

Research in the mental health field supports using online therapy to treat various mental health conditions and challenges. One study showed that even brief online interventions could be associated with positive outcomes for those experiencing emotional distress or symptoms of anxiety and depression. 

Takeaway

You're not alone if you're experiencing severe emotional distress. Emotions are complex, and there are many reasons people get to the point that they believe they can't get relief. However, many resources are available to tackle this challenge, and support is often effective. Consider reaching out to a licensed therapist to take charge of your emotional state and find relief.
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