How To Improve Your Memory

Medically reviewed by Paige Henry, LMSW, J.D.
Updated October 10, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team

How humans process memory can be a complicated, subjective experience. Individuals retain memories in unique ways, depending on various factors. However, there are often ways to improve the breadth and scope of memory, regardless of baseline abilities, through techniques like memory-boosting exercises and regular cognitive stimulation. These techniques can be learned and practiced over time. 

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Have concerns about your memory?

Supporting memory function for improved brain and bodily health

Before using techniques to retain memory, establishing habits for strengthening the memory "muscle" (the brain) can be valuable. Supporting healthy brain function can be essential for brain and bodily health. Below are a few ways you can start this process. 

Eat brain-boosting foods to improve memory and health

Brain health begins with eating foods that nourish neurological functioning, including foods rich in Omega 3 fatty acids, vitamins B, D, and C, and magnesium and zinc. Examples of such foods include but aren't limited to the following:

  • Fatty fish
  • Walnuts
  • Flaxseed
  • Squash
  • Beans
  • Leafy greens
  • Broccoli
  • Soybeans 
  • Shellfish
  • Berries 

In addition to eating these brain-boosting foods, it can be helpful to limit one's intake of saturated fats and ultra-processed foods, as both can increase your risk of dementia and other conditions associated with memory loss.  

Partake in physical exercise 

Exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, improves neurological function. Exercise also increases blood flow, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the brain, cultivating synaptic growth, and reducing risk factors for medical conditions and disorders that can lead to short-term memory loss.

Get quality sleep 

regular sleep schedule featuring seven or more hours per night (for adults) supports memory and concentration. When adults are well-rested, it can be easier to become concentrated, paving the way for memory formation. When you sleep at night, the non-REM stages support the brain's ability to learn while awake. The REM stage is thought to play a part in associating memories with each other, creating new pathways that cultivate your problem-solving and emotional control abilities. 

Try to limit stress, which contributes to memory loss

Difficulty focusing is one of the most common symptoms of stress, which can cause difficulty organizing one's short-term memory and retaining long-term memories. However, techniques such as chunking memory may improve one's recall of important information. Chunking psychology may make absorbing and remembering information easier. The adverse effects of stress also impact other bodily systems, contributing to memory and brain function difficulties. 

Brain boosting games and activities help avoid early cognitive decline

When you think of the brain as a "muscle," it can be easy to understand that the activities you do to exercise this muscle serve to strengthen memory. Playing memory-improvement games can also help you maintain a sharp memory and slow down cognitive decline, especially as you age. There are many types of memory improvement games that you can play to train and build your memory, including jigsaw and crossword puzzles, word searches, logic tests, sudoku, and others. Studies indicate that video games like Super Mario™ or Angry Birds™ may also improve memory function in older adults.

How to improve your memory other than games

In addition to games, learning a new skill or language can cultivate memory function. Picking up a new language, learning how to play an instrument, or taking classes on a topic that interests you are all examples of helpful memory techniques that may strengthen your abilities.

Regardless of your chosen activity, try to find one that is challenging, growth-oriented, and rewarding. The more you enjoy the activity, the more likely you may stay with it and reap its benefits. 

Methods for remembering information

Beyond implementing lifestyle choices that support healthy brain function and improve memory, you can use tricks to increase your ability to memorize and recall specific information, including but not limited to the following. 

Pay attention

Despite culture's idealization of the ability to complete several tasks simultaneously, research suggests that multitasking is detrimental to working and long-term memory. 

It may be challenging to eliminate distractions in your life so that you can pay attention to one task at a time. However, you can work on focusing your attention on minor details amid a busy situation. For instance, when you find yourself in a noisy environment, such as a crowded concert or a child's birthday party, practice focusing your attention on one conversation or visual element. 

Involve the senses

Connect each detail you're trying to remember with one of the five senses. The more senses you can involve in creating a memory, the more likely you may be to remember it. For instance, if you want to place a person's name, consciously notice an environmental sound or scent when you meet them. Later, when you meet that person again, you may be reminded of the sensory experience and associated name. 

Create associations

Creating associations between the information you are trying to memorize and information you already know is another effective way to remember a piece of information. For example, if you meet someone named "Mr. Baker," picture a caricature of a baker when talking to him to help you reinforce in your memory that his name is Baker.

Rehearse information

The more frequently you rehearse information, the more likely you may be to remember it. When you get a new phone number, you might rehearse it repeatedly until you can write it down or enter the number into the contacts on your phone. This process can help with the short-term storage of information.

To keep this information in the long term, more frequent rehearsals spread over time may help. For example, rewriting a list of vocabulary words a few times daily can help you remember them for a test. Looking at your calendar of appointments several times throughout the day and saying each appointment out loud can help you remember them the next day.

How to improve your memory: Know the six mnemonic devices

A mnemonic device is another way of using associations to help you remember information. Different devices work for different people or different types of information. Using all of them frequently may help you determine which works best for you.

Visual images

Associating a picture with a word or piece of information is a visual way to remember information. For this process to work, the image you associate with the information should be colorful, vivid, and three-dimensional. For example, you might picture a cherry tree to remember George Washington.

Acrostics

When you use acrostics, you make up a phrase or sentence with the first letter representing the word you are trying to remember. For this process to be effective, the phrase or sentence should relate in some way to the topic you are trying to remember. For example, music teachers often use the acrostic "Every good boy does fine" to recall the treble clef notes.

Acronyms

An acronym comprises the first letter of several words in a sentence or phrase. For this mnemonic device to work well, create words familiar to you or related to the topic. For example, the acronym HOMES may help you remember the names of the five great lakes: Lake Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior. 

Rhymes

Rhymes, alliteration, or jokes can be methods of remembering information. The more amusing you make the association, the more likely you may be to remember it. For example, if you've met someone named Lucy, you may associate her name with a phrase like "Lucy loves little llamas" to remember it. 

Chunking

Chunking is a popular method for remembering vocabulary lists or lists of numbers. Chunking is breaking an extensive list of information into smaller groups. Grouping like items together can help you remember the more comprehensive list because you will associate each item on the list with another. For example, you might group fruits and vegetables on your grocery list instead of trying to remember them together with dairy products and meat. 

The memory palace technique

The memory palace technique also called the method of loci, is a mnemonic method in which you visualize a location, then place the items you want to remember in specific places in that location. For example, if you want to remember your grocery list, imagine a banana tree in your front doorway, a puddle of milk on the carpet, and a loaf of bread on the table.

Have concerns about your memory?

Support options 

Talking to your doctor may be the first step if you have concerns about your capacity to acquire and maintain memories. A medical doctor, like your GP or a psychiatrist, can conduct a memory test or neurological examination to rule out any organic issues like brain injury, neurological disease, or changes in brain chemistry that may affect your memory.

If your doctor rules out physical causes, you may explore treatment options for psychological challenges that might negatively impact your memory, like stress, depression, anxiety disorders, and other conditions. A licensed therapist with experience in treating challenges like these can work with you to address the source of your memory challenges and develop a strategic plan to cope with them. However, you do not need a mental illness to see a therapist. 

While some people don't mind traveling to a psychologist's office to attend their appointments, others experience barriers that keep them from doing so. For example, you might struggle to attend therapy if you live in a rural area or have financial insecurity. Online therapy through a platform like BetterHelp can solve barriers like these. 

Online platforms provide clients with care via phone, video, or live chat sessions. If you need to reach out in between appointments, you can send your therapist and receive a message when they are available. In addition, studies show that online therapy is as effective as in-person therapy in treating psychological challenges affecting memory, often for less than in-person therapy minus insurance. 

Takeaway

If you're struggling with your memory, you're not alone. Various mental health challenges can lead to memory challenges. However, you can see a therapist even if you do not have memory difficulties. Consider contacting a professional online or in your area for further support.
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