What Is A Midlife Crisis? What You Need To Know

Medically reviewed by Paige Henry, LMSW, J.D. and Julie Dodson, MA, LCSW
Updated December 9, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team

Midlife, deemed by most scientists as the period between ages 40-70, tends to find people thinking about mortality. Some people may make sudden life changes to reorient towards goals and dreams that they may want to accomplish before old age. 

Within this period of change, you may experience a sudden awareness of mortality, which can lead to various coping mechanisms that may not be healthy or sustainable. These could include changes in careers, relationship status, spending habits, or workplace motivation. 

If you’re experiencing nostalgia, melancholia, a heightened awareness of mortality, or life dissatisfaction, a therapist can help you unpack these emotions and develop healthy mechanisms to address them.

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Wondering if you’re having a midlife crisis?

What is a midlife crisis?

Coined in the 1960s by a Canadian scientist named Elliot Jacques, a midlife crisis is defined by a feeling of regret, remorse, or anxiety over your mortality. Some people may feel overwhelmed by accomplishments they have not yet achieved or the direction of their lives.

Midlife crises are common, with an estimated 1 in 4 Americans saying they’ve experienced one. There are effective strategies available to help you address the symptoms of your midlife crisis, and many people in middle age find a more positive outlook on life compared with their perspective as a young adult.

Symptoms of midlife crises in middle-aged individuals

People who experience a midlife crisis may exhibit some of these symptoms:

  • Regret
  • Obsessive reflection on memories
  • Jealousy
  • Change in sexual desire
  • Heightened emotional state
  • Increased rate of leisure travel
  • Erratic behavior
  • Drastic change in appearance
  • Abrupt change in things like spending habits, career, or lifestyle
  • Behaviors associated with hypochondria

For some, a midlife crisis can be a motivator to connect with family or friends, discover deeper forms of identity, or accomplish lifelong goals. Other people may find themselves making rash, unpredictable decisions that can be described as unhealthful. If you are unable to manage your symptoms on your own, you can seek the guidance of an online therapist, like the ones at BetterHelp, to help you build coping mechanisms that improve your well-being.

Causes of midlife crisis

Many factors can contribute to the development of a midlife crisis, including:

  • Physical Aging: Common signs of aging, such as muscle aches and stiffness, provide reminders of declining physical capabilities.
  • Career: If you’re not satisfied in your work, you may find yourself reflecting on missed opportunities for different career paths. You may also experience a specific type of workplace discrimination called ageism, which can negatively impact your mental health and provide barriers to opportunity.
  • Relationship Struggles: Dissatisfaction in your relationship can lead you to question if you want something else or made the wrong choice. Men and women are both most likely to cheat on their spouse during midlife, which may indicate a midlife crisis.
  • Children: If you have children, they are starting to get older, and realizing that your children are becoming independent adults can cause you to think about your own age and stage of life. Alternatively, if you never had children, you may feel upset that you didn't, or wonder if you made the right decision.
iStock/Kateryna Onyshchuk

Mental health challenges from midlife crises

Mental health challenges should not be mocked, but midlife crises are not always taken seriously, and you may have even heard jokes about them before. For people experiencing symptoms of a midlife crisis, insensitive jokes are comments that may contribute to feelings of isolation and difficulty seeking professional help. There are therapists who can help you navigate your symptoms and learn to recognize the good things that come with aging.

Debunking stereotypes during middle age

Aging can be demonized in our cultures. Older people are less represented in movies and media, and some may experience the sense of being left behind by society, or undesirable as they age. However, stereotypes about aging are often not true. For example, although some worry that their cognitive abilities drop off in middle age, studies consistently show that many people retain much of their abilities while gaining new cognitive improvements, such as a positive life outlook and reduced emotional fluctuations. Middle-aged people can find enrichment and opportunities for new personal growth. Life excitement and growth do not end after your twenties.

Improve your relationship with aging

Practicing some of these things can help you feel stronger and more positive as you grow older:

1. Self-care to improve physical and mental health

Exercise can promote the release of endorphins and serotonin, and help your body stay physically healthy while improving your mental health and outlook on life.

2. Keep a journal

Dedicating time to reflect on your life and your ambitions routinely can help you stay motivated to continue working towards the best version of yourself. Studies have found that gratitude journals can improve your sleep quality, lower stress levels, decrease materialism, and improve your relationships.

3. Connect with loved ones when facing a midlife crisis

Your friends and family can be good resources to talk to when you’re confronted with the challenges of middle age. They may be able to offer suggestions or help remind you of the things you’ve accomplished.

4. Set realistic goals

Reflecting on mortality and life goals is not always a bad thing. Take time to evaluate the changes you want to make in life and assess which ones are realistic. For example, if you are dissatisfied with your job, you might want to apply to postings for jobs you’d prefer. Or, if you are encountering challenges in your relationship, you could ask your partner if they’d be willing to try couples counseling.

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Wondering if you’re having a midlife crisis?

Seeking mental health help when experiencing a midlife crisis

A midlife crisis is not a medical condition, and there is no specific way to treat it. But cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help you identify negative thought patterns and unhealthy coping mechanisms while developing strategies to work towards greater life satisfaction and excitement. You can find in-person or online therapists that specialize in CBT.

One study of 1,500 patients enrolled in online CBT found no significant difference in effectiveness compared with in-person CBT. With online therapy, you can make sessions around your schedule, whether that’s before work or on weekends, and sessions tend to cost the same amount as a co-pay for in-person therapy.

Takeaway

Many people experience a midlife crisis at some point. Though it’s not a diagnosable disorder, it can cause some people to make abrupt or sudden changes in their lives or develop mental illnesses like major depressive disorder. If you’re experiencing the signs and symptoms of a midlife crisis, or if you want to improve your well-being, an online therapist can help.
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