Psychologists

Clinically Reviewed By: Corey Pitts, MA, LCMHCS, LPC, LCAS, CCS

Medically Reviewed By: Amar Mukhtar, DO, Associate Medical Director at BetterHelp

 What does a psychologist do?

In general, a psychologist is professionally trained in psychology, the science of helping people better understand and manage their thoughts, emotions, and human behavior. Knowing what a psychologist actually does and what sets them apart from other mental health professionals may make it easier to figure out whether this type of support might be a good fit.

Types of psychologists

Some of the most common types of psychologists who work with people include:

• Clinical psychologist: Focuses on assessing and treating mental illness and psychological disorders

• Counseling psychologist: Supports people through life challenges, adjustment, and emotional well-being

• Health service psychologist: Works within medical settings to address behavioral health concerns alongside physical care

• School psychologist: Helps children with academic challenges and emotional development

Many other specialties exist, such as forensic, neuropsychological, and research psychologists. They focus on areas like legal systems, brain function, and advancing the field through psychological research. For example, a cognitive psychologist typically uses research on human cognition to serve individuals or organizations in specific capacities, depending on their area of study.

What psychologists can and cannot do

Psychologists trained in clinical psychology can provide a range of clinical skills to provide mental health services including talk therapy, evidence-based approaches like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and exposure therapy. They may also conduct psychological testing and assessment to better understand a person's needs.

One important thing to note is that psychologists generally cannot prescribe medication in most U.S. states, unlike medical doctors or psychiatrists. For people who may benefit from both therapy and medication, psychologists often work together with psychiatrists or primary care providers to help coordinate more comprehensive care.

What conditions can a psychologist help with?

Psychologists may work with people experiencing various mental health or emotional health concerns, including:

• Anxiety and panic disorders

• Depression and mood disorders

• PTSD and trauma

• Bipolar disorder

• Eating disorders

• Grief and life transitions

• Relationship and family concerns

Psychologists typically have specialties in particular areas. For example, geriatric psychologists specialize in helping people with the mental and emotional challenges that come with aging. Those experiencing cognitive or mental health challenges related to aging, or those seeking a better understanding of how the brain may change during this stage of life, may find it beneficial to consult a geriatric psychologist.

More acute or complex conditions, such as psychosis, may need in-person or higher-level care. A psychologist may help determine the most appropriate level of support.

How is a psychologist different from other mental health professionals?

Psychologists are one of several types of licensed mental health professionals, and it may be confusing to find out the differences between them. Understanding how they compare may help someone make a more informed decision about the type of support they're looking for.

Psychologist vs. therapist

Both psychologists and therapists provide talk therapy and are licensed mental health professionals. The main difference is their education and scope of practice. Psychologists hold doctoral-level degrees, such as a PhD or PsyD, reflecting extensive training, while therapists may hold a master's degree and practice under licenses such as LMFT, LCSW, or LPC.

In practice, both may provide effective support for a wide range of mental health concerns. The right fit often depends more on the individual's needs and the provider's specialty than on their specific credentials.

Psychologist vs. psychiatrist

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in mental health and may prescribe medication, which is the key difference between them and psychologists. Psychologists focus on therapy and behavioral intervention informed by psychological research. Psychiatrists are more likely to manage medication as part of a treatment plan.

The two professionals often work in tandem. Someone may see a psychologist for regular therapy sessions while also working with a psychiatrist to manage medication for comprehensive mental health care.

How can someone access psychological support online?

Online therapy platforms may offer access to licensed clinical psychologists and other mental health professionals without the barriers that often come with traditional in-person care. Factors like location, scheduling, cost, and stigma may all make it harder to seek help. Online access may reduce some of those obstacles.

For example, BetterHelp connects adults with licensed, accredited mental health professionals for individual, couples, and teen counseling through flexible formats including video sessions, phone calls, live chat, and messaging.

It's worth noting that providers on BetterHelp cannot prescribe medication or fulfill court orders. Working with an in-person provider or medical doctor may be a more suitable option for people who need those services.

For many others, BetterHelp may offer a meaningful and accessible path toward better mental health through consistent, professional therapeutic support from the comfort of home.

Frequently asked questions

Can a psychologist prescribe medication?

In most U.S. states, psychologists cannot prescribe medication. That's typically within the scope of psychiatrists or other medical doctors.

 Is a psychologist the same as a therapist?

Not exactly. Both professionals provide talk therapy and are licensed mental health professionals, but psychologists hold doctoral-level degrees, while therapists may hold a master's degree.

Can a psychologist help with anxiety and depression?

Psychologists commonly work with people experiencing anxiety, depression, and other mood-related concerns using evidence-based approaches such as CBT and other forms of talk therapy.

Is online therapy with a psychologist effective?

Research suggests online therapy may be as effective as in-person therapy for many common mental health concerns.

Does BetterHelp offer access to licensed psychologists?

Yes. BetterHelp's network includes licensed, accredited mental health professionals across a range of specialties. Individual provider credentials may vary depending on the match.