Psychosis, Art, And Expression: Exploring Creativity As A Tool For Healing

Medically reviewed by Nikki Ciletti, M.Ed, LPC
Updated November 7, 2024by BetterHelp Editorial Team

The world can sometimes seem overwhelming, a swirling storm of sensory input and internal chatter. For some individuals, this storm intensifies, reshaping how they perceive their surroundings and themselves. Strange sensations, fleeting visions, or unshakeable unease might permeate everyday life. These experiences can signal a mental state known as psychosis, which generally involves a break from reality. While navigating psychosis can be challenging, this doesn't mean creativity and self-expression will disappear. Often, these very experiences become a wellspring of unique artistic vision.

The link between psychosis and art has fascinated researchers, philosophers, and artists themselves for centuries. From the otherworldly visions of outsider artists to the works of established creators who have experienced mental illness, art can offer a helpful form of expression. For those living with psychosis, creative outlets may provide a means to process complex emotions, communicate the inexpressible, and find a sense of grounding in a world that can seem destabilizing. For this reason, art therapy or simply engaging in artistic expression on your own might be a beneficial complement to traditional treatment options like prescription antipsychotic medication and talk therapy.

Getty/Halfpoint Images
Could art therapy be a helpful addition to your treatment plan?

Understanding psychosis 

Psychosis can be confusing and disorienting. Sometimes, the ways individuals see, hear, and feel stimuli can shift in unexpected ways. Here are some potential symptoms related to psychosis:

  • Hallucinations: Perceiving stimuli that aren't there — hearing voices, seeing visions in amorphous shapes, or experiencing unusual sensations in the body

  • Delusions: Holding strong beliefs that seem at odds with reality and are resistant to change

  • Disorganized thinking: Having trouble organizing thoughts, leading to fragmented or confused speech

Schizophrenia, depression, etc.: Identifying the underlying mental illness 

Psychosis can be a confusing and unsettling symptom related to various mental health conditions. Understanding the "why" behind psychosis can be helpful, guiding individuals toward the right form of treatment.

Art as a healing force for mental health disorders

The act of creation can be inherently therapeutic. Here are a few ways that channeling challenging experiences into art can benefit those on their healing journeys:

Externalizing the internal

Psychosis often involves an intensely personal, internal world. Painting, sculpting, writing, or other creative pursuits may give tangible form to these experiences. This externalization can offer a sense of release and make the intangible seem more manageable.

Communication and connection

Finding words to describe the nuances of psychotic experiences can be challenging. Art may offer an alternative language, one that can bridge the gap between the artist and those who support them. Sharing artwork can foster deeper understanding and connection with loved ones and therapists.

Control and mastery

Psychosis can be disorienting and chaotic. Creating art may offer a space for controlled expression. The simple act of choosing colors, applying brushstrokes, or shaping words can instill a sense of agency and control.

Countless artists throughout history have found solace and expression through their work while navigating mental illness. Some, labeled “outsider artists,” created works outside of the mainstream art world, their work often characterized by raw emotion and unique visual language. Others, like Vincent van Gogh and Yayoi Kusama, achieved mainstream recognition while living with mental health challenges like psychosis and schizophrenia.

These examples can offer inspiration and a sense of solidarity for those navigating psychosis. They may demonstrate that mental illness doesn't prevent individuals from having fulfilling and creative lives. If anything, these experiences can shape art in profound and compelling ways.

Psychosis can seem overwhelming, but within that overwhelming experience, there may be a spark of creative potential. Art can create a bridge between inner experiences and the outside world. Art can make the invisible visible, the unspoken heard, and the chaotic slightly more manageable. For those navigating psychosis, creative expression may offer a path toward healing and rediscovering their unique voice.

The potential benefits of creativity for psychosis: Art and expression as forms of healing

Researchers are exploring the power of art in relation to healing for patients with psychosis. Some studies suggest that engaging in art-based activities can promote the following:

Psychosis symptom reduction

Creative expression might lessen the intensity of hallucinations or delusions. Art could offer a healthy outlet and distraction from distressing symptoms.

Psychosis, art, and expression: Enhancing mood and well-being

The simple act of channeling energy into creating something can boost self-esteem, counter feelings of isolation, and promote an overall sense of well-being, allowing for greater mental focus.

Improved treatment outcomes 

Some therapists incorporate art into their treatment plans alongside traditional therapies like CBT. This combined approach can deepen self-understanding and foster helpful coping mechanisms.

A mature man stands in his workshop and works art a wood crafting project with a serious expression.
Getty/Kelvin Murray

The potential benefits don’t just involve emotions, either. Research suggests that engaging in art might directly impact the challenges associated with psychosis. Studies hint at the possibility of art reducing the intensity of symptoms, boosting mood, and becoming a valuable tool alongside other treatment approaches. Art can offer a path toward feeling better and finding new ways to cope.

Finding your creative outlet to help manage psychosis

Starting anything new can be both exciting and a little scary. If exploring art stirs up some mixed emotions, that's okay. The key may be to find creative activities that feel good and start with gentle exploration. 

Start small and simple

There's no need to create masterpieces. What matters most may be the process itself. Simple activities like doodling, coloring, or playing with clay can offer low-pressure entry points.

Let go of judgment

The goal isn't necessarily to make perfect art. Embracing experimentation and self-expression can give you permission to play and explore without the pressure of external expectations.

Seek guidance to help manage psychosis-related mental health disorders 

Attending art therapy sessions or workshops can be helpful, especially at the beginning of your journey. A licensed art therapist can provide a supportive environment and help you unlock the power of your creativity.

Feeling a bit nervous to start your artistic journey can be okay. However, exploring your creativity can be empowering. If you'd like some guidance or a supportive environment, art therapy sessions and workshops can offer helpful places to begin.

Types of artistic expression to explore when addressing mental illness

The world of art tends to be vast and varied. If traditional painting and drawing don't resonate, there may be other avenues to consider:

  • Writing: Journaling, poetry, and short stories can offer a space to put your experiences into words and create a narrative arc.

  • Music: Playing an instrument, singing, or listening to music that evokes your emotions can be both cathartic and controlling.

  • Movement and dance: The embodied experience of moving in ways that are authentic to you can release tension, tap into nonverbal emotions, and provide a connection with nature.

  • Creative technology: Digital photography, graphic design, or art-focused apps can be engaging and convenient.

The journey of recovery from psychosis often involves self-discovery and rebuilding a sense of self. Creating art can be a beneficial tool throughout this process. Here's how:

  • Building identity: Art can help you explore and express the facets of your identity, including those shaped by your experiences with psychosis. Art can be a way of reclaiming your sense of self.

  • Finding community: Connecting with other artists who understand mental health challenges can be a source of support and reduce feelings of isolation. Online communities or local art groups focused on mental wellness can offer new ways to connect.

  • Changing the narrative: Society often perpetuates stigmatizing narratives about mental illness. By bravely sharing your art, you may have the power to challenge these stereotypes and foster greater understanding and empathy.

While art has transformative potential, being mindful of its impact may be beneficial. If certain creative activities contribute to distressing feelings or intensify symptoms, you can take a break. Prioritizing your emotional well-being can be key.

Benefits of online therapy

Engaging with art as a path toward healing can be a vulnerable process. Online therapy can make finding a therapist who "gets" you and fits your budget a bit smoother. This kind of personalized support can be helpful when navigating psychosis, and online therapy may foster the trust you need to truly explore the power of creativity in your life. However, online therapy may not be suitable for periods of acute psychosis.

A woman in a pink shirt tends to her collection of indoor plants while smiling at the camera.
Getty/Morsa Images
Could art therapy be a helpful addition to your treatment plan?

Effectiveness of online therapy for depression and other potential causes of psychosis

University studies and clinical trials frequently offer encouraging news for those navigating psychosis. Research indicates that online therapy can be just as effective as in-person sessions. In a world with evolving mental health needs, finding innovative ways to receive care can improve outcomes. Online therapy typically offers flexibility and convenience, potentially expanding your support network and increasing options to connect with specialized therapists.

The journey of healing is rarely linear. Some days, making art might seem like a lifeline. On other days, you might need distance from your creative practice. Honoring your needs every step of the way can help you reap the benefits of art while staying attuned to your mental health.

Takeaway

Engaging with art in any form that resonates with you can offer a path toward expressing yourself, processing complex emotions, and finding moments of peace in a sometimes turbulent world. Art can be a way to reclaim your power, discover hidden strengths, and shape your unique idea of healing. Online therapy can enhance this journey, offering personalized support and expanding your options for care.
Are you living with symptoms of psychosis?
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