Autism Test For Teens: Determining Whether To Pursue An Autism Diagnosis
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)—a complex neurodevelopmental disorder marked by impairments in learning, communication, and social skills—can affect an adolescent in varying ways. Because of the challenges of autism, parents and teenagers concerned about the condition often seek out screenings and other assessments that can measure the severity and frequency of potential symptoms. Autism evaluation tools for teens can help you better understand the possible manifestations of ASD symptoms in your child, then decide whether to pursue a diagnosis from a healthcare professional. Below, we’re providing an overview of autism spectrum disorder, discussing common ASD assessments, and outlining options for adolescent autism tests.
An overview of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
According to the American Psychiatric Association, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a “complex developmental condition involving persistent challenges with social communication, restricted interests and repetitive behavior.” Autism spectrum disorder can impact an individual’s cognitive, emotional, and physical well-being and cause challenges in their social, academic, and family life.
As a developmental disorder, ASD typically manifests early in life. Often, children first exhibit symptoms when they are 12–18 months old. A child with autism may begin behaving in ways that typically developing children do not (e.g., engaging in repetitive behaviors). They may also struggle to communicate, verbally or nonverbally. As a child gets older, they may struggle to meet certain developmental milestones, with deficits in communication, cognition, and social skills becoming more apparent.
Autism often co-occurs with various mental health conditions and other developmental disorders. Anxiety, depression, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common comorbidities. ASD can also arise alongside physical health challenges, such as congenital heart defects, seizures, and vision impairment.
If you believe you or your child might be living with autism spectrum disorder, consider consulting with a healthcare provider. A licensed medical or mental health professional can provide you or your teen with an autism evaluation and determine whether further testing, a formal diagnosis, and treatment may be necessary.
Causes of autism spectrum disorder
While the exact cause of autism spectrum disorder is unknown, experts have identified several risk factors that are thought to contribute to its development. Based on twin studies, researchers believe there is likely a strong genetic component. However, there are also several environmental factors that are thought to each play a role. For example, research suggests that higher age of the birthing parent is linked with an increased likelihood of developing ASD. Additionally, certain birth complications have been connected to the disorder.
Criteria for an autism diagnosis
The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder can be found in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). According to the DSM-5, a child may be diagnosed with ASD if they exhibit impairment in two primary domains: social interaction/communication and restricted/repetitive behaviors.
Social interaction/communication
The individual must present with each of the below symptoms:
- Difficulty starting conversations, expressing emotions, or otherwise exhibiting social-emotional reciprocity
- Trouble maintaining eye contact, employing facial expressions, or otherwise reading and utilizing body language
- Difficulty adapting to changing interactions with friends, exhibiting interest in peers, or otherwise maintaining friendships
Restricted/repetitive behaviors
The individual must present with two of the below symptoms:
- Repetition of certain behaviors or speech patterns
- Inflexibility regarding rituals or routines
- Persistent interest in highly specialized subjects or pursuits
- Hypersensitivity to various sensory stimuli
The effects of autism on teenagers
Teenagers experience varying challenges as they navigate the path to adulthood. Changing bodies, increased independence, and the pressure of choosing a future path make it hard for many adolescents to adjust. These concerns can be exacerbated when an individual is living with autism spectrum disorder. The following are some potential effects of autism in teens.
Executive dysfunction
Autism often causes deficiencies in executive function, which is the ability to plan and organize tasks, self-regulate, and solve problems. Difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior can affect a teen’s school performance. It can also impact their ability to pursue extracurricular activities or self-care practices.
Social challenges
The social effects of ASD can lead to difficulty maintaining a support system, which can affect health and quality of life. Teens with ASD may also withdraw from loved ones, which can compound the effects of potential comorbidities, such as depression or anxiety.
How treatment may help alleviate the negative effects of ASD for teens
Despite the challenges of autism for many teens, the disorder can often be managed with proper care. Behavioral approaches, psychotherapy, and social skills training may help adolescents communicate, maintain relationships, develop various proficiencies, and address any comorbid mental health challenges.
Additionally, various lifestyle changes may help alleviate some of the more challenging effects of ASD. Exercising regularly, getting plenty of sleep, and developing eating habits that include plenty of nutrient-dense foods can help teens improve cognition, avoid physical health complications, and boost mood.
What is an autism test? Identifying symptoms in children and adolescents
An autism test can refer to any tool that helps evaluate potential symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. Autism screeners, which measure the frequency and severity of potential symptoms, are often used by professionals to diagnose or rule out ASD. However, screening tests and other assessments can also be used by individuals who want to gauge whether it might be time to seek support for potential ASD symptoms. Remember that only a licensed healthcare professional can diagnose autism and that seeking professional support for signs of ASD is recommended.
The importance of proper screening for autism is highlighted by data that suggests a significant increase in ASD diagnoses in recent years. The incidence of autism spectrum disorder diagnoses has increased significantly over the past two decades. In 2020, an estimated 2.7% of children were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, up from .067% in 2000. This increase in prevalence is thought to be primarily caused by more widespread awareness among the public and improved tools for mental health professionals to identify the condition.
There are several screening tests and other diagnostic tools that can help professionals evaluate symptoms of autism in teens. One of the most common is the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) Test, which is a 50-item questionnaire. (There is also a brief, 10-item version of this autism spectrum screening questionnaire called the AQ-10.) Test takers are asked to answer based on the extent to which they experience common symptoms of ASD.
The assessment is separated into five domains: social skills, attention switching, attention to detail, communication skills, and imagination. Examples of AQ test questions include: “I don’t know how to keep a conversation going”; “New situations make me anxious”; and “I like to gather information about categories of things.” Answers that indicate high levels of agreement with these and other statements lead to higher scores, which suggest that a teen may have multiple autistic traits.
How to take an autism test for teens
There are several places adolescents and caregivers can find autism assessment resources that may help evaluate potential symptoms of ASD. Below are a few examples.
Obtaining resources from local providers
When seeking screening tools, it can help to start in your community. A teen’s primary care provider may have a diagnostic resource that can be completed under their supervision or on your own time. Community centers or clinics may also have copies of an autism screening test that you can take home.
Taking an online autism test for teens
An online autism test allows adolescents to immediately receive a score that can help them, along with their caregivers, decide whether to pursue care. Autism Speaks suggests this online autism screening test from Clinical Partners, which is based on the Autism Spectrum Quotient. You can also take a computer adaptive autism test from Autism 360, during which you’ll answer questions about your or your child’s usual mood, interests, social skills, and other proficiencies.
Pursuing an autism diagnosis from a mental health professional
It’s important to reiterate that an accurate diagnosis of autism must be provided by a healthcare professional. An autism test that is available for personal use is not considered a diagnostic tool. For professional help interpreting the results of an at-home test, consider bringing them to an autism specialist.
Seeking support from a mental health professional
If you’re a caregiver or teen who wants to learn more about autism, consider participating in therapy. Therapy can help you navigate many of the emotional, social, and behavioral challenges of autism.
Potential benefits of online therapy for parents and children affected by autism
For those who don’t have providers in their area or would prefer to receive support from home, virtual therapy can be a preferable alternative to in-person sessions. With an online therapy platform like BetterHelp (for adults) or TeenCounseling (for teens ages 13–19), you can get support in addressing the mental health challenges of autism with a licensed provider remotely, through video call, voice call, or in-app messaging. Your therapist can also connect you with helpful tools, such as at-home exercises geared toward alleviating any stress caused by an autism diagnosis.
Is online therapy effective?
The results of many studies indicate that online therapy may help address the emotional challenges that can arise out of autism. For example, in a study on the efficacy of an online family therapy program for young people with autism, researchers suggest that the intervention led to significant reductions in symptoms of anxiety. The study also notes the ability of online therapy to bridge the treatment gap by overcoming barriers like geographical limitations, high costs, and time constraints.
Takeaway
Autism spectrum disorder is a complex condition that can lead to several challenges in the life of a teen. Caregivers who are concerned about the potential for ASD in their child can find various tests that may provide clarity regarding possible symptoms of the disorder. If you’re a caregiver or a teen concerned about the mental health effects of autism, consider getting matched with a licensed therapist online. Connecting with a mental health professional can be a productive next step on the path to mental wellness.
Is it autism or ADHD?
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) share some overlapping symptoms, but they are two distinct disorders. Seeking an assessment from a licensed mental health professional can provide you with a definitive diagnosis.
What are the red flags for autism?
A few early signs of autism include the following:
- Delayed speech
- Repetitive body movements
- Poor eye contact
- Trouble connecting with others in social settings
- Difficulty with changes in routine
- Hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli (notices small sounds, is bothered by bright lights, etc.)
Autistic people often struggle to interpret social communication signs. Symptoms vary, but observing how your child interacts with other children can offer insight. How many friends do they have? Do they struggle to interact with family, friends, and others? Does your child understand facial expressions and nonverbal gestures?
How does your child react when their usual routine is thrown off? People with autism typically thrive on routine and struggle to adjust to changes. Does your child have intense, specific personal interests? Many people with autism spend significant amounts of time engaging with special interests.
In addition, does your child’s development line up with typical milestones in accordance with your child’s age? Your child’s pediatrician will likely inform you if they are not meeting their milestones, and this can be an indicator that clinical observations and an in-depth evaluation may be needed. Professional testing may provide your child with an autism quotient score and open the opportunity for treatment and additional resources.
What is the hardest age for autism?
There isn’t necessarily a “hardest age” for autism. However, it’s generally best to seek a diagnosis as soon as possible so that children with autism receive the proper treatment and resources.
What parenting style is best for autism?
Authoritative parenting is typically considered the best parenting style for children, including those with autism. This parenting style focuses on providing support and considering children’s views while also establishing clear rules and consequences.
What is the hardest part of life for a child with autism?
Each child with autism is different, so the hardest part of life varies from person to person. Managing emotions and effectively navigating social situations tend to be common challenges. If you struggle to understand why your child is having a difficult time, the practice of putting yourself into someone else’s shoes may help you experience more empathy for them.
What is the best lifestyle for autism?
A holistic approach involving nutritious eating habits, plenty of sleep, regular exercise, and a consistent routine tends to be best for those with autism. Self-care practices can be crucial as well.
How do you discipline a child with autism?
Exercising patience and using kind words can be helpful when disciplining a child with autism. It can be important to explain why the child’s behavior isn’t appropriate and use a system of rewards and consequences. Avoid punishing children with autism for engaging in self-stimulatory behavior (“stimming”) as this can do more harm than good. Although it may seem like a “weird habit” to neurotypical individuals, stimming can help people with autism regulate their emotions.
What medication is used to calm autistic children?
A variety of prescription medications may be used to help children with autism calm down. To learn more about medication options, speak to your child’s doctor or psychiatrist.
What is the new treatment for autism?
New medications, enzyme-based therapies, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and telemedicine are a few of the most recent developments in autism treatment. Talk to your doctor to learn more about your treatment options.
What is the new diagnosis for high-functioning autism?
High-functioning autism was once called Asperger’s syndrome. In 2013, this diagnosis was replaced by autism spectrum disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).
What is the new test for autism?
Diagnosing autism often requires multiple tests, such as a computer adaptive autism test with interactive multiple choice questions. Some of the most common autism tests include the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI) and the Childhood Autism Rating Scales (CARS).
How do you get tested for autism as a teenager?
If you’re a teenager and believe you could be living with autism spectrum disorder, it might be helpful to first take an online autism quiz or autism screening test. While these types of tests cannot provide an official diagnosis, they can offer some insight as to whether you’re experiencing common autism symptoms. You can then speak to your parents or contact your primary care provider directly to ask about being assessed for autism.
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