Eliminating Scars From Acne: Addressing The Physical And Mental
Acne scars are the marks that acne, a common skin condition, can leave behind. These scars can come in many different forms.
Even though acne scars occur in many different people, they still can make you feel insecure about yourself. Let’s look at different ways to handle the after-effects of acne, both in terms of the physical scars and the low self-esteem or other mental health challenges you may have experienced as a result.
How acne scars form
Acne forms when the pores of your skin become engorged with bacteria, dead skin cells, and/or excess oil. Pores are tiny openings in your skin that release sweat and oil, and they can swell up when they get clogged. This is what leads to an acne lesion—commonly referred to as a zit or pimple.
Many people only experience shallow acne lesions, which dermatologists typically classify as “minor acne”. This type usually heals quickly and poses little risk of scarring, rarely causing lasting damage or noticeable scars. For those who have experienced more severe acne, the walls of some of their pores may have sustained deeper breaks. In these instances, infected material and bacteria can spill into the nearby tissue, creating deeper scars and damaging underlying tissue. The skin usually tries to repair these areas by forming new collagen fibers. Oftentimes, however, the repair job isn’t as flawless and smooth as before—or too much collagen may be formed, leading to severe scarring. In cases like these, scar tissue is left behind, commonly presenting as red or brown marks or dark spots due to post-inflammatory pigmentation, depending on skin type.
Different types of acne scars
Some acne scars are hypertrophic, or raised scars, while others are atrophic, or depressed. Hypertrophic scars are usually found on the jawline, shoulders, chest, and back. They can be tender, itchy, and even painful.
Atrophic scars come in three different variations:
Ice-pick scars, which most often form on the upper cheeks and forehead where the skin is thinner. They look like tiny craters, and they’re typically narrow and deep.
Boxcar scars, which are more commonly found on the jaw and lower cheeks. They’re indented shapes with defined edges.
Rolling scars, which are usually located on the lower cheeks and jaw. They have sloping edges that result in a wavy, rolling appearance to the skin.
You might also notice discoloration or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, especially for people with darker skin tones, as a breakout is healing or shortly after. This type of mark isn’t considered an acne scar, and the skin in these areas usually heals on its own in a matter of months.
How to get rid of acne scars
So your acne has finally cleared up—and now you’re left with scars. Some may go away on their own with time, but others may not without treatment. There are several options for acne scar treatment, ranging from over-the-counter medicated creams to natural remedies to procedures performed by a dermatologist. Note that your acne must be completely cleared up before you try most of the treatments listed below. For most people, acne is at its worst between the ages of 15 and 17 and subsides after that, but everyone’s skin is different. There is no single best treatment for improving the appearance of acne scars, and different people may require different skin care regimens. Before attempting to treat acne scars on your own, it’s typically wise to consult your dermatologist—especially since different skin types, skin tones, and scars may require different treatments. Before attempting any treatments, it may also be advised to have a consistent skincare routine to support skin health. That said, we’ve listed some common methods below.
Topical acne scar treatments
Some common topical acne scar treatments that people can do at home on the advice of a dermatologist include:
Salicylic acid. You may already be familiar with salicylic acid since it’s often used to treat active breakouts. However, many people don’t know that it can also help clear up the scars acne leaves behind because it reduces redness and inflammation.
Azelaic acid. For patients with sensitive skin, azelaic acid may be an option. It has similar qualities to salicylic acid in that it can be both a treatment for acne and scarring but is gentler on the skin.
Topical retinoids. Retinoids are often recommended for those with a darker skin tone because they can help with hyperpigmentation. They come in the form of a cream or a gentle exfoliator. Tretinoin is a common retinoid used in acne-scar treatment.
Alpha hydroxy acids. These include lactic acid and glycolic acid treatments and are typically referred to as AHAs. They’re mild acids that remove the outer layer of skin to reveal smoother skin underneath.
Hyaluronic acid. Hyaluronic acid is a gentle ingredient that moisturizes and nourishes the skin. It can reduce both hyperpigmentation and the appearance of acne scars, especially when used regularly over time.
Natural remedies. You might also choose to try out a variety of different at-home treatments for acne scars. Lemon juice, baking soda, raw honey, aloe vera gel, shea butter, and coconut oil are a few options that may help.
Medical procedures for treating acne scars
The following are common medical procedures that a dermatologist may recommend you consider. Be sure to consult with a licensed medical professional if you’re thinking about any of these, and do not attempt to try any on your own at home.
Chemical peels. During a chemical peel, your dermatologist will apply a special chemical solution to your acne scars that removes the skin's outer layer and stimulates new skin to grow. Usually, this new skin is much smoother and less scarred.
Microdermabrasion. This procedure involves a special machine that sprays tiny crystalline particles on the skin to remove the top layer. Similar to a chemical peel, this process reveals the typically smoother, less scarred skin underneath.
Dermabrasion. It’s more intense than microdermabrasion. As such, it’s recommended for moderate to severe acne scars. It involves surgical sanding or planing of the skin where the scars are located.
Excision and punch replacement graft. In this more aggressive acne scar treatment, scars are cut out of the skin, and the surrounding skin is stitched together. In some cases, a skin graft taken from behind the ear is used to fill the wound.
Microneedling. Skin needling treatment uses tiny needles to create controlled micro-injuries in the location of acne scars and then stimulates collagen production to encourage new, smoother skin to grow.
Laser and light therapy. During skin surface laser treatment, a painless beam of light is used to target acne scars. Laser and light therapy is typically combined with other treatments for maximum effectiveness, such as chemical peels.
Laser resurfacing. For this treatment, a laser is used to remove the scarred top layers of skin so new, healthier skin can grow in its place.
Soft-tissue fillers. This method is often recommended for depressed or atrophic acne scars. It involves injecting a filler directly into the scar to smooth the appearance of the skin.
Subcision. During subcision, a needle breaks apart the fibrous bands of tissue that make up acne scars, which can help reduce their appearance.
Coping with the emotional effects of acne
Research shows that having acne—especially in moderate or severe cases—can negatively impact a person’s self-esteem and even influence their life choices. These effects are especially common in teenage girls, according to studies. For instance, fear of being judged, feeling down about one’s personal appearance, or being bullied can affect the mental health of an individual with acne and may even cause them to avoid social events, turn down jobs, or drop out of school. If you’re experiencing mental health effects related to acne, focusing on your talents, achievements, and good qualities and joining an online or local support group may help. You might also prioritize taking care of your body in other ways, such as maintaining a healthy diet and a regular exercise routine, which can positively impact your mental health.
Another method for coping with the mental or emotional effects of acne is to meet with a therapist. They can help you learn positive self-talk, build self-esteem, manage symptoms of conditions like depression or anxiety, and simply provide a safe space to express and sort through your emotions. If you’d feel more comfortable seeking therapy virtually—via phone, video, and/or online chat—you might consider an online therapy platform like BetterHelp if you’re over 18 or an online therapy platform like TeenCounseling if you’re between 13 and 18. Services like these can match you with a licensed therapist who you can meet online to discuss the challenges you may be facing. Research suggests that online therapy offers similar benefits to in-person sessions, so you can choose the format that feels right for you.
Takeaway
There are a variety of treatments available that may help people eliminate or reduce the appearance of physical acne scars. When it comes to the feelings of low self-esteem that may accompany acne or acne scarring, an experienced therapist can help support you in regaining your confidence.
How do you get rid of acne scars fast?
While the discoloration associated with acne scars usually goes away, the scar itself does not. However, there are methods one can use to diminish acne scars enough that they're barely visible.
The fastest way to get rid of acne scars depends on the individual's response to treatment and the types of acne scars they have. For example, some methods are more effective for treating raised acne scars like hypertrophic and keloid scars, while others are more suitable for atrophic scars like ice pick, rolling, or boxcar scars.
Regardless, the methods that produce the fastest results are typically delivered by a dermatologist who can devise an individualized treatment plan. Some clinical acne scar treatment methods include:
- Injectable fillers like hyaluronic acid, collagen, or fat
- Injectable medications like corticosteroids
- Resurfacing procedures like laser therapy, chemical peels, dermabrasion, and microdermabrasion
- Microneedling (or collagen induction therapy)
- Subcision
- Radiofrequency skin tightening
- Surgical procedures like cryosurgery
Do acne scars ever go away?
Acne scars don't go away entirely on their own, but several treatment options exist for reducing or lightening their appearance.
How do you get rid of acne scars naturally?
Research on natural remedies for acne scars is ongoing, and the available studies aren't entirely conclusive. While they may cause additional skin problems and side effects for some, many people report success using natural remedies to treat acne scars. Examples of traditional home remedies for treating acne scars include:
- Aloe vera: Aloe vera is known for its healing properties and may help reduce the appearance of acne scars
- Honey: Honey has antibacterial properties, and older studies suggest it may help improve the appearance of acne scars
- Coconut oil: Coconut oil is rich in antioxidants and can help hydrate and nourish the skin. Older studies suggest that ingredients in coconut oil, such as lauric acid and vitamin E, may prove effective in treating skin conditions like acne scars.
- Rosehip seed oil: Recent research indicates that rosehip seed oil is rich in vitamins and antioxidants that may help improve scar healing
While they may work well for some, natural remedies for acne scars might not be recommended for everyone, so seek medical advice from a licensed dermatologist who can help you find the proper treatment for your skin.
Does vitamin C help with acne scars?
Research does suggest that vitamin C has many benefits for skin health, including improving the appearance of acne scars by increasing collagen production in the skin when applied topically.
Can you 100% remove acne scars?
There is no guarantee that acne scars will ultimately fade, but dermatological treatments can help reduce the size of acne scars.
How do you get clear skin?
Everyone's skin is unique, and what gives one person clearer, healthier skin might not work for someone else. Skin quality typically results from a combination of factors, including genetics, diet, skincare routine, and lifestyle choices. Here are some tips to help you achieve clearer skin:
- Wash your face twice a day with a gentle cleanser to remove dirt, oil, and impurities
- Exfoliate regularly to remove dead skin cells and unclog pores
- Moisturize your skin daily to keep it hydrated and prevent dryness
- Use sunscreen to protect your skin from sun damage. The American Academy of Dermatology suggests using sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30.
- Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins to nourish your skin from the inside out
- Drink plenty of water to keep your skin hydrated and flush toxins from your pores
- Avoid touching your face with dirty hands to prevent the spread of bacteria
- Get plenty of sleep to allow your skin to regenerate and repair itself
- Some research suggests that psychological stress can exacerbate or trigger acne, so manage your stress levels to avoid breakouts
Consult a dermatologist if you have persistent skin issues that don't improve with at-home remedies. Severe skin issues may be an indicator of a more serious underlying condition.
Do ice pick scars go away?
Icepick acne scars are a type of raised acne scar. They are sometimes labeled the most difficult to treat because of their shape and depth. Although they are permanent, you can reduce their appearance with cosmetic intervention. It's important to consult with a dermatologist or skincare professional to determine the best treatment option for your specific needs and skin type.
The most effective cosmetic treatments for ice pick scars include:
Punch excision: Punch excision involves surgically removing the top few layers of skin covering the ice pick scar, then closing the wound with stitches. It can help improve the appearance of deep ice pick scars but may leave a smaller, less visible scar in its place.
Punch grafting: Typically used for cases of deeper scars, this procedure involves using a skin graft to replace the skin from the scar. Usually, the skin from a skin graft is taken from another, less visible part of the person's body.
Microneedling: Microneedling involves using a device with tiny needles to create micro-injuries in the skin, stimulating collagen production and promoting skin regeneration.
Chemical peels: Chemical peels can help improve the appearance of ice pick scars by removing the top layer of skin and stimulating collagen production. This can help smooth out the skin's texture and reduce the appearance of scars.
Laser treatments: Fractional laser resurfacing can help improve the skin's texture and reduce the appearance of ice pick scars by stimulating collagen production and promoting skin regeneration.
Dermal fillers: Dermal fillers can be injected into ice pick scars to fill the depressions and create a smoother surface. Although dermal fillers are a temporary solution, they can help improve the appearance of scars in the short term.
How do you fade pimple marks?
After an acne blemish is healed, it can result in dark patches in the skin called hyperpigmentation. Sometimes, these spots will fade with time, but they'll usually remain visible to some extent.
The most effective way to fade dark patches from acne hyperpigmentation will depend on your skin type, tone, and the severity of the hyperpigmentation you're experiencing. Consulting with a dermatologist is always recommended before beginning treatment for hyperpigmentation. Here are some treatment examples:
Sunscreen: Sunscreen is a key factor in preventing further darkening of hyperpigmentation. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 daily, regardless of cloud cover.
Natural remedies: Some natural remedies like aloe vera, vitamin C, licorice extracts, and azelaic acid have skin-brightening properties and may help fade hyperpigmentation.
Over-the-counter products: There are products available at most drugstores that you can use to treat hyperpigmentation without a prescription—though you should still speak to a dermatologist before trying them, as they may cause irritation or hypopigmentation (a condition in which the skin has too little pigmentation). Topical products containing ingredients like retinoids, alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), and vitamin C can help fade hyperpigmentation by promoting skin cell turnover and brightening the skin.
Chemical peels: Chemical peels containing ingredients like glycolic acid, salicylic acid, or lactic acid can help deeply exfoliate the skin and remove damaged skin cells. This can remove the appearance of hyperpigmentation and even skin tone. Chemical peels should always be performed in a clinic by a licensed dermatologist or qualified esthetician.
Laser resurfacing: Laser therapy treatments such as intense pulsed light (IPL) or fractional laser therapy can target and break down pigmented cells, reducing hyperpigmentation. This type of treatment is also done in a clinical setting by a licensed dermatologist. Some states don't allow estheticians to perform laser resurfacing, while others do.
Microdermabrasion: Microdermabrasion involves exfoliating the top layer of the skin to promote skin cell turnover and improve the appearance of hyperpigmentation. Like chemical peels and laser resurfacing techniques, a licensed dermatologist or esthetician must perform microdermabrasion in a clinical setting.
How do I stop acne scarring?
To stop acne scarring, begin treatment as soon as you notice acne spots emerge. Use gentle, non-comedogenic products suitable for your skin type. Avoid harsh scrubs, serums, or other products that irritate the skin. Protect your skin from sun exposure to prevent hyperpigmentation and make acne scars more noticeable. Always wear sunscreen with at least SPF 30, even on overcast days.
Avoid picking or squeezing pimples, as it can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of scarring. Let acne heal naturally, or if necessary, seek professional help for extraction. If you are prone to severe acne or scarring, consider seeking professional help from a dermatologist who can recommend an appropriate treatment plan.
How do you remove acne?
Acne treatment involves a combination of skincare, lifestyle changes, and medical treatments in more severe cases. Be sure to wash your face with a gentle cleanser twice daily and use non-comedogenic moisturizers, sunscreens, and makeup. Use topical products containing ingredients like benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids that help reduce acne-causing bacteria, exfoliate the skin, and unclog pores.
Manage your stress levels, and be sure to drink plenty of water. Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Avoid foods high in sugar and processed ingredients that can trigger acne breakouts.
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