Teen Love: Possible Effects Of Intense Emotions

Medically reviewed by Melissa Guarnaccia, LCSW
Updated March 12th, 2025 by BetterHelp Editorial Team

Teen love can be an intense experience that can, in some cases, be life-changing. Whether a teen romance lasts into adulthood or ends in heartbreak, these experiences can help shape adolescents' identities and impact how they behave in future relationships. Below, explore why teen love can be so intense and how to help teens navigate a romantic relationship.

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Parents and teens can find support in therapy

How love is different for teens and adults

The primary difference between teen and adult love is that teens may find their feelings more difficult to manage. During this time, teens experience significant changes, both mentally and physically. They may have a range of feelings about their bodies, and while their brains are maturing, some areas are maturing faster than others. For example, they may look more like adults and have an increased sex drive, but the teenage brain cannot regulate their behavior or make mature decisions. The part of the brain responsible for executive functioning – like problem-solving and inhibition – is one of the last to mature fully, increasing the risks of poor judgments and risk taking, particularly in situations that lead to immediate feel-good rewards.

In adolescent romantic relationships and attraction, teens are not used to the strong attraction they feel for other people, and feelings like “love” and “lust” may be confusing and overwhelming. One study that compared teens in a steady romantic relationship to those who did not have a partner found that those in love were more prone to hypomania, in which emotions alternate between despair and euphoria. They also reported more positive moods, better sleep quality with fewer hours of sleep, and better concentration.

Types of teen love

Teen love can be an opportunity for psychological development and learning more about oneself, but that may depend on the type of love experienced. One study identified four types of relationship dynamics, including the following. 

Rigid

Couples with rigid interactions tend not to care about their partner’s feelings and opinions. This dynamic can lead to ineffective communication skills that contribute to conflict and potentially abusive behaviors. In the study, 13.5% of couples had a rigid dynamic.

Entangled

Entangled relationships involve high interdependence. Couples may have idealized or romanticized ideas about their relationship and avoid conflict due to insecurity. A significant number of the relationships in the study (20.8%) were entangled.

Hampered

Hampered relationship dynamics are characterized by an inability to communicate, which leads to communication. Although the pair may have an emotional connection, the relationship is limited by a lack of self-disclosure. Only 8.3% of couples in the study had this type of dynamic.

Balanced

Balanced relationships develop trust and respect and use effective communication to resolve arguments. In the study, 51% of couples had a balanced dynamic.

Teen dating facts and statistics

Teenage relationships can be rewarding, supportive, and fulfilling, as evidenced by the above-referenced research, which found that 51% of teen couples studied had a balanced relationship dynamic. However, teen relationships can also be associated with multiple challenges

Challenges of teen love

Young people in love can cut themselves off from their friends and family in ways that can harm their mental health and impact their ability to develop their own identity. Studies have found that aggression can be common in teen dating, and both boys and girls can be exposed to abuse and unwanted or coerced sexual activity. Some researchers estimate that between 10% and 48% of teens experience physical aggression and 25% to 50% experience psychological aggression, like swearing and insults, from their partners. Some of this aggression can appear online in the form of social media posts, online comments, and personal photos being widely shared to embarrass or humiliate them. Some teens may be more accepting of these behaviors, misinterpreting jealousy and other inappropriate behaviors as reflections of love.

Research has also found that sexual coercion in teen relationships is also common, with one survey finding that many teen females have been coerced in this way, a form of sexual assault. The study authors reported that, after being coerced once, participating in sexual activity that teens later regret was not uncommon. Teaching consent to all teens, regardless of gender and age, can be important to reduce these risks. 

A young girl and boy sit inside a classroom, both smiling as the girl looks at the boy.
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Psychosocial development and teen love

Psychosocial development also contributes to the intensity of teenage love. According to Erik Erikson, teenagers are in the identity vs. role confusion stage. In this stage, teens may be insecure or confused about who they are and where they fit in society. They may experiment with different behaviors and activities to find their place. Falling in love can be a significant life experience and contribute to adolescent development.

Teens and stages of development

According to Erikson’s theory, identity involves a person’s sense of self, including values, beliefs, experiences, and relationships. Over time, new aspects of the self are developed and strengthened, but the teenage years focus on developing that sense of self. 

At this stage, when teens are not allowed to try different activities and test different identities, they may experience role confusion. Erikson believed that overly restricting a teen could result in disappointment or confusion about one’s place in life, uncertainty about one's identity, and drifting from one role or relationship to another. He viewed teenage crushes as essential factors contributing to self-understanding.

Early relationships can provide multiple learning experiences and challenges that help teens learn about themselves, particularly self-esteem, self-worth, and their place in their peer groups. Teens can use these lessons as they grow up and separate from their parents, and they can also help them understand how to navigate conflict, communicate, and manage intense emotions.

Teaching teens about love and relationships

As teens age into adulthood, they may learn how to communicate, negotiate, make informed choices about their partners, and bounce back from breakups. However, even teens can experience heartbreak and make poor romantic choices that can lead to setbacks, even those that can impact adult relationships.

Protective factors can teach teens to manage the ups and downs of relationships and survive heartbreaks. Watchful and respectful parenting, sex education, and strong friendship networks are crucial to address to support those engaged in teenage dating: 

Early sex education

Early sex education often takes place in the home and can be supported at school. In the teen years, this education may go beyond sexual attraction and the mechanics of sex and delve into topics like pregnancy, communicable diseases, mutual respect, sexuality, gender, and consent.

School or community programs

Programs that focus on topics like improving conflict management and communication, recognizing the signs of abuse, the difference between physical attraction and love, and identifying the characteristics of healthy relationships can help teens make safe choices. These programs may be found at school or created in the community. 

Parental modeling

Parents who demonstrate respectful interactions in relationships can help teens understand what to aim for in their relationships. Parents can also talk to teens about managing relationship challenges and coping with the intense emotions of breakups.

Cyber safety

Education about the dangers of sexting, sharing personal photos, and online sexual predators can be beneficial. Parents may try to learn about and be active on multiple social media accounts to monitor their teens for dangerous or obsessive online activity.

Can romantic relationships in adolescence last?

Young love can last. A relationship may not be destined to end only because two people fell in love when they were young. However, people mature and change a lot during adolescence and young adulthood, so many relationships end. While there is minimal research in this area, many sources report that only 2% of high school sweethearts stay together.

Managing intense feelings

Love can come with many intense feelings. Teens may benefit from being educated about the importance of maintaining social contact with friends and not losing themselves in relationships. While young love can be intense, young heartbreak can be even more challenging.

When romantic relationships end: Managing intense feelings in teen dating

Breakups are a common feature of teen love. Some research indicates that teen relationships between 16 and 18 generally last for six months to a year, so many teens will experience multiple breakups during these years. Unrequited love can also be challenging for teens to cope with. Not only can it be damaging to confidence and self-esteem, but it can also lead to maladaptive and even dangerous behaviors, like stalking or aggression.

Often, time heals emotional wounds. However, parents may find it helpful to remind teens that while relationships end for many reasons, breakups can be a chance for them to think more about what they want from a relationship and learn more about themselves. Parents may share their own stories of teenage heartbreak to offer support and understanding. 

Possible mental health effects of teen love

While some teens may bounce back quickly, others will be more vulnerable and have difficulty managing the end of their relationships. Some studies have shown that those who already have symptoms of a mood disorder may be more likely to experience depression as the result of a teen breakup.

A young lady smiles and waves at her phone screen while seated on a couch.
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Parents and teens can find support in therapy

Getting mental health support

Young love can bring many challenges. Teenagers may benefit from the guidance of a mental health professional, whether they need support figuring out who they are or learning how to cope with the emotional effects of a broken heart. With parental consent, an online therapy platform like TeenCounseling can connect them with a mental health professional. 

Parents can also benefit from working with a therapist to help manage the challenges of parenthood. An online platform like BetterHelp can be a convenient, flexible option for busy parents who are interested in getting help but don’t have the time for traditional therapy. Research has found that online therapy can be effective, with one study reporting, “Online therapy has emerged to be as fruitful as traditional in-person therapy for the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.” Online therapy may also be more cost-effective. 

Takeaway

For good or bad, teen love can be a formative experience that helps teens figure out their self-identity. If you have a teen who is having a difficult time managing the intense emotions of young love or if you need support managing the challenges of raising teens, consider reaching out to a therapist. 

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