Are stress tests dangerous?

A stress test is a cardiological test that evaluates the heart's capability to respond to external stress. This test is administered in a controlled environment such as a hospital or doctor’s office. The heart is tested by having you exercise on a treadmill or given medication to stimulate the heart; as your body works harder, the more blood the heart pumps. This test is routine and generally safe, but complications are possible, albeit rare, as with any medical procedure. When deciding to take a stress test, you should determine if you meet the criteria, know the signs that something is wrong, and be aware of the worst-case scenarios.

CRITERIA

If you are unable to exercise due to physical ailments such as arthritis, then you should not take an exercise stress test. A stress test without exercise involves taking medication that will trigger the same heart stimulation. Also, anyone that has been previously diagnosed with a heart condition or recently had a heart attack or stroke should not take a stress test. It is recommended that other procedures be utilized, such as a CT scan or EKG of the heart. 

WARNING SIGNS

There are specific symptoms that can warn you that the test is causing complications. If you feel dizzy or lightheaded during the test, you should stop and tell your doctor. Dizziness can lead to fainting, which is extremely dangerous on a treadmill. Changes in your blood pressure will show on the monitors, and either your speed needs to change, or you need to stop. Feeling nauseous signifies that something is wrong and can lead to vomiting. Chest pain, irregular heartbeat, and shortness of breath are extremely dangerous signs, and the test should stop immediately. Other warning signs to watch for are:

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• Allergic reaction to medication or dye.
• Skin irritation to EKG electrodes.

You know your body better than anyone, and if anything feels off during the stress test, tell your doctor immediately. 

WORST CASE

The rare worst-case scenario is when the stress test triggers a heart attack or a shift in your heart rhythm that does not fix itself when the test is over. If you have a heart attack, you could need medication, surgery, or it could be fatal. When there is a change to the heart rhythm, medication or a device could be required to adjust the rhythm. Unfortunately, this rhythm change could be fatal as well. Although these risks are rare, make sure you discuss them with your doctor.