Equine-Assisted Therapy

Equine-assisted therapy is a therapeutic approach in which individuals engage in activities with horses, guided by a certified therapist, a horse trainer, or an equine specialist. These activities may focus on therapeutic riding, physical therapy, general horsemanship skills, and interacting and establishing a connection with the animal. This method of therapy and equine-assisted learning may be utilized in various therapeutic settings, including mental health treatment, rehabilitation, and the aftermath of trauma. The unique bond between the individual and the horse may increase confidence, patience, and self-esteem.

Therapists may decide to use EAT when traditional therapeutic methods may benefit from its addition or when the individual expresses a particular interest in animals or the outdoors. This modality may also benefit those who find verbal communication challenging, as it offers a non-verbal, experiential form of therapy that may enable the integration of ideas and breakthroughs achieved in talk therapy. Mental health professionals may observe the interactions between the horse and the individual and use these observations as a basis for further discussion, understanding, and integration.

Equine-assisted therapy is a form of experiential therapy involving direct experiences. In this treatment, individuals interact directly with horses, developing a unique connection that may allow them to gain insights into their emotional state and behavior. Clients may groom, feed, or walk the horse to start. EAT is often used as a supplemental form of treatment that builds on core therapeutic techniques like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). 

The term "experiential" refers to the hands-on, tangible nature of the therapy, where individuals learn through personal experience and active involvement. EAT may be beneficial in various situations. It is often utilized for individuals experiencing mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Additionally, it may offer therapeutic value to those experiencing addiction, relationship conflict, and low self-esteem. 

By experiencing the therapeutic benefits firsthand, individuals may cultivate a more profound understanding of their emotions, promoting authentic and lasting change. After the session, the mental health professional may check in with the client to discuss what was learned and what emotions arose that they can use to assist in their next equine session.

An equine-assisted therapeutic approach has been proven effective for individuals coping with various mental health conditions. Those living with anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),⁴ behavioral difficulties, eating disorders,⁵ and autism spectrum disorder have often found comfort and healing through this unique therapeutic bond with horses. The non-judgmental nature of these gentle creatures, combined with the therapeutic setting, may create a safe space that encourages emotional growth and personal development. 

Individuals with physical disabilities or those recovering from injuries may also be recommended EFT, which may promote balance, coordination, and physical fitness. Autistic children and adults may also benefit from EAT because it can enhance communication skills and social interactions.

Equine-assisted therapy is often utilized to supplement a comprehensive mental health treatment plan based on the unique needs of individuals seeking treatment. Although EAT can be beneficial, it is often most effective as part of a broader, integrative approach to mental health care that complements traditional therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication management, and other holistic treatments.

Equine-assisted therapy aims to improve an individual's social, emotional, and cognitive abilities. It offers a unique approach to therapy by incorporating horses into treatment. Goals for therapy may encompass fostering a sense of responsibility, improving communication, building confidence, and promoting self-awareness. The interaction with these creatures can allow individuals to explore and improve their emotional well-being, potentially enhancing their ability to form meaningful relationships. 

Equine-assisted therapy often aims to create an environment where individuals are safe and empowered to overcome obstacles and build emotional intelligence. This form of experiential therapy often serves as an opportunity to integrate the skills and developments that may have been made in traditional talk therapy sessions. The goals of this modality might include the following: 

• Achieving emotional growth and development: While this goal remains constant, the exact growth areas can vary. For some, equine therapy may result in overcoming fear, while others may find boosts in their confidence. 
• Improving communication skills: Equine-assisted therapy often involves team activities involving effective communication. The specific communication skills targeted can vary from verbal skills for some to non-verbal cues for others.
• Promoting physical health: Interaction with horses may improve individuals' motor skills and physical health. 
• Foster social skills: This modality may help individuals learn to be more empathetic and respond to the cues of others more mindfully. 
• Aiding mental health: Equine-assisted therapy may provide psychological benefits like stress relief and reduction in symptoms of anxiety or depression. The mental health benefits may vary based on the unique mental health situation and needs of each individual. 

Equine-assisted therapy is an evidence-based form of therapy that has been studied extensively as a form of supplemental experiential therapy.  

In one study, researchers looked into the concept of “horses as healers” to clarify the use cases and benefits of equine-assisted therapy. In their research, they found that EAT under the guidance of a therapist and facilitator may be able to provide benefits like improvements in the following areas: 

• Balance
• Communication
• Well-being
• Empathy
• Trust
• Spasticity 
• Self-efficacy
• Self-esteem

This study highlights the wide range of benefits that individuals may be able to receive if found to be a candidate for equine-assisted therapy. 

In another study, researchers looked at the ability of EAT to assist in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans. In their research, their team found that at the conclusion of treatment, participants consistently exhibited decreased symptoms of depression and PTSD as well as self-reported improvements in overall quality of life and wellness. This study illustrates the various use cases of EAT and its potential to be used as a treatment to address the multifaceted symptoms of PTSD.