Transpersonal Therapy
Overview
Transpersonal therapy was inspired by psychiatrist Carl Jung’s work1 and brought to life in the 1960s by an American psychologist named Abraham Maslow and his associates. However, while the transpersonal theory draws on Carl Jung's emphasis on the collective unconscious and archetypal symbolism, it was further developed by Stanislav Grof, Abraham Maslow, and other clinical psychologists to incorporate concepts of self-actualization and peak experiences, emphasizing the potential for individuals to transcend their egoic identities and connect with altered states of consciousness and spirituality. Transpersonal psychotherapy takes a holistic approach to therapy with an emphasis on spirituality.
The theory of transpersonal psychology is sometimes referred to as spiritual psychology due to its blend of scientific and spiritual elements. A major component of transpersonal therapy is the idea of going beyond the physical world to address problems, focusing on deeper matters like values, purpose, and one’s connection to something greater than oneself. The goal of this type of therapy is often to help people improve their quality of life and have a deeper understanding of themselves.
How it works
Transpersonal psychotherapy is centered on various techniques that can aid an individual in uncovering deeper meaning, feeling more connected and fulfilled, or bolstering their sense of self. There is no one-size-fits-all approach to transpersonal therapy, and individuals can work with their therapist2 to discover which methods allow them to best progress in their therapy. Some of these methods may include the following:
- Dreamwork: This approach involves analyzing dreams to search for deeper meanings or subconscious themes and patterns that present themselves. Some therapists believe analyzing dreams and processing their potential meaning can accelerate the therapy process.
- Meditation: Meditation is a common component of several therapeutic modalities. Using meditation in a therapy setting can help individuals improve focus and relax their mind and body. Different types of meditation that may be used in transpersonal therapy include body scans, guided imagery, visualization, and mantra meditation.
- Art: Art therapy can be an effective way for individuals to get in touch with their feelings. By painting, drawing, or creating art in another way, individuals can express themselves and learn to address their concerns or stressors.
- Music: Listening to music may help individuals become connected to their emotions and inner world. The therapist may combine music therapy with other approaches like talk therapy or meditation to help individuals further process their emotions or experiences.
- Hypnotherapy: Hypnotherapy involves working with a hypnosis practitioner or mental health professional to reach an altered state of awareness. While undergoing hypnotherapy, most people feel calm or like they are in a dreamlike state as they talk with their therapist to work through their concerns.
- Stress reduction interventions: Transpersonal therapists may recommend clients engage in stress reduction methods like yoga, aerobic exercise, biofeedback,3 or time in nature.
What to expect
Transpersonal therapy may be less structured than other types of therapy. Rather than following a rigid schedule or guidelines, transpersonal therapy typically allows the therapist and client to work together to treat concerns with the tools (meditation, behavioral therapy, etc.) that seem the most resonant for the client and their particular concerns.
Additionally, transpersonal therapy can be an effective option for individuals who are interested in having an active role in their therapy interventions. This is because the therapist and client typically work closely together to develop a treatment plan that works for—and is often led by—the client. Although the therapist is there as a guide, the client is typically in charge of healing and addressing concerns.
Generally, transpersonal therapy focuses on the positives rather than the negatives. Individuals in transpersonal therapy may be encouraged to celebrate their unique traits and skills and emphasize their achievements. This type of therapy also suggests that individuals are part of a greater whole and that they can improve their lives by improving their environments.
Who it benefits
Transpersonal therapy can be an effective option for individuals who are spiritually inclined, those who are interested in an expressive and creative type of therapy, or those who like the idea of holistic therapy.
Transpersonal therapy may be a valuable option if you experience the following:
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Grief
- Low self-esteem
- Relationship problems
- Trauma
- Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Existential or spiritual dilemmas
Additionally, transpersonal therapy may be effective for individuals looking to improve their quality of life overall. Whether you’re looking for stress reduction, improved relationships, more self-confidence, or something else, transpersonal therapy may help you get in tune with yourself and your purpose.
Goals for therapy
The goals for transpersonal therapy can vary from person to person. One individual may see a transpersonal therapist to work on existential concerns, while another may seek help with relationship problems. It may help for both the client and the therapist to set goals so that they can track progress.
No matter the client’s presenting concern, transpersonal therapy may improve their sense of self, deepen their spirituality, and allow for more creative expression. Transpersonal therapy may also help individuals open themselves up to new opportunities, experiment with new approaches to problems, and increase self-awareness. All of these factors can lead to a greater sense of empowerment and an improved quality of life overall.
Research
Because transpersonal therapy has a spiritual component, some may wonder if it is as effective or as legitimate as other types of psychotherapy. Although research is somewhat limited on transpersonal therapy, the studies that are available suggest that it can be a powerful therapeutic intervention.
A 2021 study found that transpersonal therapy can be an effective intervention for cancer patients. This type of therapy was particularly helpful for cancer patients who were experiencing anxiety, depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Another study found that transpersonal therapy was an effective tool for reducing depression in breast cancer patients.
Because transpersonal therapy often utilizes other types of therapy interventions like art therapy, mindfulness, and music therapy, it can be helpful to look at the efficacy of these types of therapies to better assess the effectiveness of transpersonal therapy.
Studies show that art therapy can significantly improve mental health by increasing self-esteem, promoting creativity and self-expression, slowing cognitive decline, and improving overall quality of life. Similarly, research indicates that music therapy may improve a variety of conditions, including chronic pain, anxiety, and depression. Research on mindfulness suggests that it, too, can provide significant mental health benefits, including reduced anxiety and depression. The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology features other peer-reviewed studies on this topic and related subjects.
Finding therapy
If you’re interested in transpersonal therapy, you may be able to find transpersonal therapists near you by searching online or calling local mental health agencies. However, if you can’t find transpersonal therapists in your area, you may wish to consider online therapy.
Online therapy can provide the same benefits as in-person therapy, and it allows you to connect with a therapist from home or anywhere you have an internet connection. Additionally, online therapy allows you to receive support from therapists all over the country, meaning you may have an easier time finding a therapist who practices transpersonal therapy. With online therapy, you can also choose to communicate in the way that’s most comfortable for you, whether via audio, video, or live chat. Also, you can communicate with your therapist in between sessions through in-app messaging, which may be helpful if you want to communicate any questions or concerns about your personal growth in between therapy sessions.